Paʻu Meloni

Anotusi

• Le lava molimau e fuaina aoga mo ...
• Lapataiga faʻapitoa & lapataʻiga:

Paʻu meleni o se fualaʻau faʻaaogaina i Initia ma isi Asia atunuʻu. O fualaʻau ma fatu e faʻaaogaina e fai ai vailaʻau.

E faʻaaoga e tagata le meleni oona mo le maʻisuka, lapoʻa, manava ma manava faʻafitauli, ma le tele o isi tulaga, ae leai se lelei faʻasaienisi faʻamaoniga e lagolagoina ai nei faʻaoga.

Natura Faʻafomaʻi Maea Faʻamatalaga fua faatatau aoga faʻavae i luga o faʻasaienitisi faʻamaoniga e tusa ma le fua faʻatatau lenei: Aoga, Masalo Lelei Lelei, E Lelei Lelei, Masalo Lelei Lelei, Masalo Lelei, Le Lelei, ma Le lava Faʻamaoniga e Fuafua ai.

Le aoga togi mo BITTER MELON e faapea:

Le lava molimau e fuaina aoga mo ...

• Taʻalo afeleti. I le amataga o suʻesuʻega o loʻo faʻaalia ai, o le inuina o le melon ekstrak e ono faʻaititia ai le lelava i tagata o loʻo auai i ni faʻamalositino malosi ile vevela maualuga.
• Maʻi suka. E feteʻenaʻi ma e le talitonuina suʻesuʻega. O ni suʻesuʻega ua faʻaalia ai o le inuina o meleni oona e mafai ona faʻaititia ai le maualuga o le suka i le toto ma faʻamaulalo ai le HbA1c (o le fuataga o le suka i le toto ile taimi) i tagata e maua ile maʻisuka ituaiga 2 Ae o nei suʻesuʻega e i ai ni sese. Ma e le tutusa uma suʻesuʻega. Maualuga maualuga lelei suʻesuʻega e manaʻomia.
• Prediabetes. I le amataga o suʻesuʻega faʻaalia ai o le melon oona e le faʻaititia ai le suka i le toto i tagata e maua ile prediabetes.
• Osteoarthritis. I le amataga o suʻesuʻega o loʻo faʻaalia ai, o le melon oona e faʻaititia ai le aofaʻi o vailaʻau tiga e manaʻomia e tagata e maua ile osteoarthritis. Ae foliga mai e le faʻaleleia atili faʻailoga.
• O se faʻavasegaina o faʻailoga e faʻateleina ai le aʻafia o le maʻisuka, maʻi fatu, ma le papala (metabolic syndrome).
• O se ituaiga o faʻamaʻi manava manava (ulcerative colitis).
• HIV / AIDS.
• Fuafua (dispepsia).
• Faʻamaʻi o le manava e papala.
• Maʻa fatugaʻo.
• Maʻi ole ate.
• Paʻu sisila, mageso (psoriasis).
• Papala manava.
• Faamalologa manuʻa.
• Isi tulaga.

E tele faʻamaoniga e manaʻomia e fua ai le aoga o meleni oona mo nei faʻaaogaina.

Paʻu meleni o loʻo iai se vailaʻau e pei ole inisalini e fesoasoani e faʻaititia ai le suka ile toto.

A ave e le gutu: Oona meleni o le MAFAI ONA SAFIA mo le tele o tagata pe a fai e le gutu puʻupuʻu (e oʻo atu i le 4 masina). O le meli oona e ono mafua ai le manava le fiafia i nisi tagata. O le saogalemu o le umi-taimi faʻaogaina oona meleni e le o iloa.

A faʻapipiʻi i le paʻu: E le lava faʻamatalaga faʻatuatuaina e iloa ai pe a fai o se meli oona e sefe pe a faʻaoga i le paʻu. E ono mafua ai le mageso.

Lapataiga faʻapitoa & lapataʻiga:

Maitaga ma susu-fafagaina: Oona meleni o le E L MAFAI ONA FUA pe a ave e le gutu aʻo maʻito. Nisi vailaʻau i le melon oona ono amata palapala toto palapala ma mafua ai faʻapapau pepe i manu. E le lava le iloa e uiga i le saogalemu o le faʻaaogaina o meleni oona i le taimi o susu-fafagaina. Tumau i le itu saogalemu ma aloese mai le faʻaaogaina.

Maʻi suka: Paʻu meleni mafai faʻaititia maualuga suka suka tulaga. A iai sau maʻi suka ma inu au vailaʻau e tuʻu ai i lalo lou suka i le toto, o le faʻaopopoina o meleni oona e ono paʻu maualalo ai lou suka suka. Mataitu lelei lau suka toto.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) le lava: Tagata ma G6PD le lava ono ono tupu le "favism" pe a uma ona 'aʻafia fatu oona meleni. Favism o se tulaga faʻaigoaina o le fava bean, lea e manatu e mafua ai le "lelava toto" (anemia), tiga o le ulu, fiva, manava tiga, ma le koma i nisi tagata. O se vailaʻau o loʻo maua i fatu oona meleni e fesoʻotaʻi ma vailaʻau o loʻo i totonu o pi fava. Afai e i ai sou faaletonu G6PD, aloese mai meleni oona.

Taotoga: E iai le popolega neʻi faʻalavelave le meleni oona ile taofi ile suka ile toto ile taimi ma pe a maeʻa le taotoga. Taofi le toe faʻaaogaina o le meleni oona tusa o le 2 vaiaso ao le i faia se taotoga fuafuaina

Feololo

Faʻaeteete i lenei tuʻufaʻatasiga.

Vailaau mo le suka (Antidiabetes vailaʻau)

Paʻu meleni e mafai faʻaititia ai le toto suka tulaga. O vailaʻau suka e faʻaaogaina foi e tuʻu ai i lalo le suka i le toto. O le inuina o meleni oona faatasi ai ma vailaʻau o le suka e ono mafua ai ona maualalo lou suka suka. Vaʻai toto lau suka ile toto. O le fualaʻau o au vailaʻau suka e tatau ona suia.

O nisi vailaʻau mo le maʻisuka aofia ai glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), inisalini, pioglitazone (Actos), repaglinide (Prandin), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), ma isi.

O vailaʻau e ave i pamu i sela (P-Glycoprotein Substrates)

O isi vailaʻau e ave e pamu i sela. O se mea e faʻaaoga i le melon oona e ono le faʻaaogaina ai nei pamu ma faʻateleina le umi e nonofo ai nisi vailaʻau i le tino. Lenei ono faʻateleina le aoga poʻo le aʻafiaga o nisi vailaʻau.
O ni vailaʻau e faʻasolosolo e pamu i sela e aofia ai rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), linagliptin (Tradjenta), etoposide (Toposar), paclitaxel (Taxol), vinblastine (Velban), vincristine (Vincasar), itraconazole (Sporanox), amprenavir (Agenerase), indinavir (Crixivan), nelfinavir (Viracept), saquinavir (Invirase), cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), diltiazem (Cardizem), verapamil (Calan), corticosteroids, erythromyine (Eofthinamine) (Allegra), cyclosporine (Sandimmune), loperamide (Imodium), quinidine (Quinidex), ma isi.

Laʻau ma mea faʻaopopo e ono tuʻu ai i lalo le suka i le toto

O le meli oona e mafai ona tuʻu i lalo le toto suka O le faʻaaogaina ma isi fualaʻau poʻo mea faʻaopoopo e tutusa o latou aʻafiaga e ono mafua ai ona paʻu maualalo le suka i le toto. O isi fualaʻau ma mea faʻaopopo e mafai ona tuʻuina i lalo le suka i le toto e aofia ai le alpha-lipoic acid, chromium, tiapolo a le tiapolo, fenugreek, kaliki, guar gum, solofanua chestnut, Panax ginseng, psyllium, Siberian ginseng, ma isi.

E leai ni fesoʻotaʻiga iloa ma meaʻai.

O le fualaʻau talafeagai o le melon oona e faʻamoemoeina ile tele o mea taua e pei ole tausaga ole tagata faʻaaoga, soifua maloloina, ma le tele o isi tulaga. I le taimi nei, e le lava faʻamatalaga faʻasaienisi e faʻamautinoa ai le talafeagai o ituaiga o fualaʻau mo meleni oona. Manatua o mea masani e le masani ona saogalemu, ma e mafai ona taua ia vailaʻau. Ia mautinoa e mulimuli i faʻatonuga talafeagai i igoa oloa ma faʻafesoʻotaʻi lau fomaʻi poʻo le fomaʻi poʻo isi polofesa faʻapitoa ile soifua maloloina ae e te leʻi faʻaaogaina.

Cucumber Aferika, Ampalaya, Balsam Pear, Balsam-Apple, Balsambirne, Balsamine, Balsamo, Bitter Apple, Bitter Cucumber, Bitter Gourd, Bittergurke, Carilla Fruit, Carilla Gourd, Cerasee, Chinli-Chih, Concombre Africaain, Courge Amère, Cundeamor, Fructus Mormordicae Grosvenori, Karavella, Karela, Kareli, Kathilla, Kerala, Korolla, Kugua, Kuguazi, Kʻu-Kua, Lai Margose, Margose, Melón Amargo, Melon Amer, Momordica, Momordica charantia, Momordica murcata, Momordique, Paroka, Pepino Montero , Poire Balsamique, Pomme de Merveille, Pʻu-Tʻao, Sorosi, Sushavi, Ucche, Fualaʻau inisalini, Kukama vao.

Ina ia aoao atili e uiga i le auala na tusia ai lenei tusitusiga, faʻamolemole vaʻai i le Natura Faʻafomaʻi Maea Faʻamatalaga metotia

1. Kwak JJ, Yook JS, Ha MS. Tagata gafatia biomarkers o peripheral ma tutotonu lelava i maualuga-malosi aʻoaʻo afeleti i le maualuga-vevela: o se pailate suʻesuʻega ma Momordica charantia (oona meleni). J Immunol Res. 2020; 2020: 4768390. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
2. Cortez-Navarrete M, Martínez-Abundis E, Pérez-Rubio KG, González-Ortiz M, Méndez-Del Villar M. Momordica charantia pulega faʻaleleia le iniseti lilo i ituaiga 2 suka mellitus. J Meaʻai Med. 2018; 21: 672-7. faia: 10.1089 / jmf.2017.0114. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
3. Peter EL, Kasali FM, Deyno S, et al. Momordica charantia L. maualalo maualalo glycaemia i ituaiga 2 maʻisuka mellitus tagata mama: Faʻalapotopotoga iloiloga ma meta-auiliiliga. J Ethnopharmacol. 2019; 231: 311-24. fai: 10.1016 / j.jep.2018.10.033. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
4. Soo May L, Sanip Z, Ahmed Shokri A, Abdul Kadir A, Md Lazin MR. O aʻafiaga o Momordica charantia (melon oona) faʻaopoopoga i tagata mamaʻi ma tulivae osteoarthritis muamua: O le tasi-tauaso, faʻataʻitaʻi faʻatonutonuina faʻataʻitaʻiga. Faʻamalōlōina Ther Clin Pract. 2018; 32: 181-6. fai: 10.1016 / j.ctcp.2018.06.012. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
5. Yue J, Sun Y, Xu J, et al. Cucurbitane triterpenoids mai le fua o Momordica charantia L. ma a latou anti-hepatic fibrosis ma anti-hepatoma gaioiga. Phytochemistry. 2019; 157: 21-7. faia: 10.1016 / j.phytochem.2018.10.009. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
6. Wen JJ, Gao H, Hu JL, et al. Polysaccharides mai le faʻafefeteina Momordica charantia faʻamalosia le puta tele i le maualuga-gaʻo faʻaosofia gaʻo puta. Meaʻai tumau 2019; 10: 448-57. faia: 10.1039 / c8fo01609g. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
7. Konishi T, Satsu H, Hatsugai Y, et al. Aʻafiaga faʻamalosi o se upu oona meleni oona i luga o le P-glycoprotein gaioiga i le manava Caco-2 sela. Br J Pharmacol. 2004; 143: 379-87. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
8. Boone CH, Stout JR, Gordon JA, et al. Ogaoga aafiaga o se vaiinu o loʻo i ai le melon extract (CARELA) i le postprandial glycemia i tagata matutua prediabetic. Nutr suka 2017; 7: e241. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
9. Alam MA, Uddin R, Subhan N, Rahman MM, Jain P, Reza HM. Faʻamanuiaga aoga o le oona meleni faʻaopoopoga i le lapoʻa ma fesoʻotaʻiga faʻafitauli i metabolic syndrome. J Lipids. 2015; 2015: 496169. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
10. Somasagara RR, Deep G, Shrotriya S, Patel M, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. O le sua o le melon oona o loʻo faʻatatau i le faʻatinoina o le molcitabine i sela o kanesa o le kanesa. Int J Oncol. 2015; 46: 1849-57. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
11. Rahman IU, Khan RU, Rahman KU, Bashir M. Maualalo hypoglycemic ae maualuga antiatherogenic aafiaga o melon oona nai lo glibenclamide i ituaiga 2 tagata mamaʻi suka. Nutr J. 2015; 14:13. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
12. Bhattacharya S, Muhammad N, Steele R, Peng G, Ray RB. Immunomodatory role of oona meloni upu sii i le taofiofia o le ulu ma le ua squamous sela kanesa tuputupu ae. Oncotarget 2016; 7: 33202-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
13. Yin RV, Lee NC, Hirpara H, Phung OJ. T. Le aʻafiaga o le melon oona (Mormordica charantia) i tagata mamaʻi e maua i le maʻisuka: o le toe suʻesuʻega lelei ma le auiliiliga. Nutr suka 2014; 4: e145. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
14. Dutta PK, Chakravarty AK, CHowdhury US, ma Pakrashi SC. Visin, o se vailaʻau-faʻatupuina vailaʻau oʻona mai Momordica charantia Linn. fatu Initia J Chem 1981; 20B (Aukuso): 669-671.
15. Srivastava Y. Antidiabetic ma adaptogenic meatotino a Momordica charantia otoʻoto: O se faʻataʻitaʻiga ma falemaʻi iloiloga. Phytother Res 1993; 7: 285-289.
16. Raman A ma Lau C. Aneti-suka suka ma meatotinoga o Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae). Phytomedicine 1996; 2: 349-362.
17. Stepka W, Wilson KE, ma Madge GE. Suʻesuʻega o le antefertility i Momordica. Lloydia 1974; 37: 645.
18. Baldwa VS, Bhandara CM, Pangaria A, ma et al. Togafitiga faʻafomaʻi i tagata mamaʻi ma le maʻisuka mellitus o se iniseti-pei o le lotoa na maua mai i laʻau toto. Upsala J Med Sci 1977; 82: 39-41.
19. Takemoto, D. J., Dunford, C., ma McMurray, M. M. O aafiaga o le cytotoxic ma le cytostatic o le melon oona (Momordica charantia) i luga o tagata lymphocytes. Toxicon 1982; 20: 593-599. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
20. Dixit, V. P., Khanna, P., ma Bhargava, S. K. Aafiaga o Momordica charantia L. fualaʻau fua i luga o le testicular galuega a le maile. Planta Med 1978; 34: 280-286. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
21. Aguwa, C. N. ma Mittal, G. C. Abortifacient aafiaga o aʻa o Momordica angustisepala. J Ethnopharmacol. 1983; 7: 169-173. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
22. Akhtar, M. S. Faʻataʻitaʻiga o le Momordica charantia Linn (Karela) paʻu i tagata mamaʻi ma le matua o le maʻisuka. J Pak.Med Assoc 1982; 32: 106-107. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
23. Welihinda, J., Arvidson, G., Gylfe, E., Hellman, B., ma Karlsson, E. O le gaioiga-faʻasaʻolotoina gaioiga o le tropical plant momordica charantia. Acta Biol Med Ger 1982; 41: 1229-1240. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
24. Chan, W. Y., Tam, P. P., ma Yeung, H. W. O le faamutaina o le vave maitaga i le isumu e beta-momorcharin. Taofiofia 1984; 29: 91-100. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
25. Takemoto, D. J., Jilka, C., ma Kresie, R. Faʻamamaina ma faʻailogaina o le cytostatic factor mai le melon oona Momordica charantia. Sauniuniga. Biokimia 1982; 12: 355-375. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
26. Wong, C. M., Yeung, H. W., ma Ng, T. B. Suʻega o Trichosanthes kirilowii, Momordica charantia ma Cucurbita maxima (aiga Cucurbitaceae) mo tuufaatasiga ma antilipolytic gaioiga. J Ethnopharmacol. 1985; 13: 313-321. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
27. Ng, T. B., Wong, C. M., Li, W. W., ma Yeung, H. W. Tuʻua ma faʻamatalaina o le galactose fusia aʻoga ma gaoioiga o le insulinomimetic. Mai fatu o le oona oona Momordica charantia (Family Cucurbitaceae). Int J Peptide Protein Res 1986; 28: 163-172. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
28. Ng, T. B., Wong, C. M., Li, W. W., ma Yeung, H. W. Insulin-pei o ni molela i Momordica charantia fatu. J Ethnopharmacol. 1986; 15: 107-117. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
29. Liu, H. L., Wan, X., Huang, X. F., ma Kong, L. Y. Biotransformation o le sinapic acid na faʻatamaia e Momordica charantia peroxidase. Le J Agric Food Chem 2-7-2007; 55: 1003-1008. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
30. Yasui, Y., Hosokawa, M., Kohno, H., Tanaka, T., ma Miyashita, K. Troglitazone ma le 9cis, 11trans, 13trans-conjugated linolenic acid: faʻatusatusaga o a latou antiproliferative ma apoptosis-faʻatupuina aafiaga i eseese kanesa kanesa sela laina. Chemotherapy 2006; 52: 220-225. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
31. Nerurkar, PV, Lee, YK, Linden, EH, Lim, S., Pearson, L., Frank, J., ma Nerurkar, VR Lipid faʻaititia aafiaga o Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) i le HIV-1-protease taofiofia togafitiga-togafitia sela o le tagata hepatoma, HepG2. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 148: 1156-1164. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
32. Shekelle, P. G., Hardy, M., Morton, S. C., Coulter, I., Venuturupalli, S., Favreau, J., ma Hilton, L. K. O Ayurvedic herbs mo suka lelei? J Fam. Faʻavae. 2005; 54: 876-886. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
33. Nerurkar, P. V., Pearson, L., Efird, J. T., Adeli, K., Theriault, A. G., ma Nerurkar, V. R. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein protein expression ma ApoB faalilolilo e taofia e le oona meleni i HepG2 sela. J Nutr 2005; 135: 702-706. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
34. Senanayake, GV, Maruyama, M., Sakono, M., Fukuda, N., Morishita, T., Yukizaki, C., Kawano, M., ma Ohta, H. O aʻafiaga o le melon oona (Momordica charantia) o loʻo maua mai i serum ma le ate lipid tapulaʻa i hamsters fafagaina kolesterol-leai ma kolisi-faʻatamaoaina taumafataga. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. (Tokyo) 2004; 50: 253-257. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
35. Kohno, H., Yasui, Y., Suzuki, R., Hosokawa, M., Miyashita, K., ma Tanaka, T. O le suauʻu fatu taumafa lelei i le faʻatasi ma le linolenic acid mai le melon oona o loʻo taofia ai le azoxymethane-induced rat colon o colonic PPARgamma faʻaaliga ma suiga o lipid tuufaatasiga. Int J Kanesa 7-20-2004; 110: 896-901. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
36. Senanayake, GV, Maruyama, M., Shibuya, K., Sakono, M., Fukuda, N., Morishita, T., Yukizaki, C., Kawano, M., ma Ohta, H. O aʻafiaga o le melon oona ( Momordica charantia) luga o serum ma le ate triglyceride tulaga i isumu. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 91 (2-3): 257-262. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
37. Pongnikorn, S., Fongmoon, D., Kasinrerk, W., ma Limtrakul, P. N. Aʻafiaga o le melon oona (Momordica charantia Linn) luga o le tulaga ma gaioiga o sela masani fasioti tagata i le kanesa o le faʻaautama kanesa ma radiotherapy. J Med Assoc Thai. 2003; 86: 61-68. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
38. Rebultan, S. P. Bitter melon togafitiga: o se faʻataʻitaʻi togafitiga o siama HIV. AIDS Asia 1995; 2: 6-7. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
39. Lee-Huang, S., Huang, PL, Sun, Y., Chen, HC, Kung, HF, Huang, PL, ma Murphy, WJ Inhibition o le MDA-MB-231 fatafata susu tagata xenografts ma HER2 faʻaaliga e tetee i le tumo sooupu GAP31 ma MAP30. Anticancer Res 2000; 20 (2A): 653-659. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
40. Wang, YX, Jacob, J., Wingfield, PT, Palmer, I., Stahl, SJ, Kaufman, JD, Huang, PL, Huang, PL, Lee-Huang, S., ma Torchia, DA Anti-HIV ma anti -tumor protein MAP30, o le 30 kDa single-strand type-I RIP, tutusa tutusa tulaga lua ma beta-sheet topology ma le A filifili o ricin, o se ituaiga-II RIP. Protein Sci. 2000; 9: 138-144. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
41. Wang, YX, Neamati, N., Jacob, J., Palmer, I., Stahl, SJ, Kaufman, JD, Huang, PL, Huang, PL, Winslow, HE, Pommier, Y., Wingfield, PT, Lee- Huang, S., Bax, A., ma Torchia, DA Fofo faʻavae o le anti-HIV-1 ma le anti-tumor protein MAP30: faʻamatalaga malamalama i le tele o ana gaioiga. Sela 11-12-1999; 99: 433-442. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
42. Basch E, Gabardi S, Ulbricht C. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): o se toe iloiloga o le aoga ma le saogalemu. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2003; 60: 356-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
43. Dans AM, Villarruz MV, Jimeno CA, et al. O le aʻafiaga o le Momordica charantia capsule sauniuniga o le glycemic control i le ituaiga 2 diabetes mellitus manaʻomia nisi suʻesuʻega. J Clin Epidemiol 2007; 60: 554-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
44. Shibib BA, Khan LA, Rahman R. Hypoglycaemic gaoioiga a Coccinia indica ma Momordica charantia i isumu suka: faanoanoa o le hepatic glucoseoneoneone fualaʻau-6-phosphatase ma fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ma maualuga o le ate ma mumu-sela shunt enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Biochem J 1993; 292: 267-70. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
45. Ahmad N, Hassan MR, Halder H, Bennoor KS. Aʻafiaga o Momordica charantia (Karolla) otoʻotoga luga o le anapogi ma postprandial serum kulukose tulaga i NIDDM tagata mamaʻi (abstract). Bangladesh Med Res Council Bull 1999; 25: 11-3. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
46. Aslam M, Stockley IH. Fesoʻotaʻiga i le va o curry mea (karela) ma vailaʻau (chlorpropamide). Lancet 1979: 1: 607. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
47. Anila L, Vijayalakshmi NR. Aoga aoga o flavonoids mai Sesamum nunjukkeun, Emblica officinalis ma Momordica charantia. Phytother Res 2000; 14: 592-5. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
48. Grover JK, Vats V, Rathi SS, Dawar R. Traditional Initia anti-diabetic plants faʻamalosia le alualu i luma o le fatugaʻo faʻaleagaina i le streptozotocin faʻaosofia isumu suka. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 76: 233-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
49. Vikrant V, Grover JK, Tandon N, et al. Togafitiga ma otoʻotoga o Momordica charantia ma Eugenia jambolana puipuia hyperglycemia ma hyperinsulinemia i fructose fafagaina iole. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 76: 139-43. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
50. Lee-Huang S, Huang PL, Nara PL, et al. Faʻafanua 30: o se fou taofiofia o le HIV-1 siama ma toe faʻafouina. FEBS Lett 1990; 272: 12-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
51. Lee-Huang S, Huang PL, Huang PL, et al. Faʻalavelaveina o le tuʻufaʻatasia o le siama puipuia o le tagata (HIV) ituaiga 1 e le anti-HIV plant proteins MAP30 ma le GAP31. Faʻataʻitaʻiga Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92: 8818-22. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
52. Jiratchariyakul W, Wiwat C, Vongsakul M, et al. O le tagata e faʻamamaina le HIV mai le gourd oona Thai. Planta Med 2001; 67: 350-3. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
53. Bourinbaiar AS, Lee-Huang S. O le gaioiga o laʻau-na maua mai i le antiretroviral proteins MAP30 ma le GAP31 faasaga i le herpes simplex virus i vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 219: 923-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
54. Schreiber CA, Wan L, Sun Y, et al. O vailaʻau antiviral, MAP30 ma le GAP31, e le oona i le spermatozoa a le tagata ma ono aoga i le puipuia o le feusuaiga o le siama puipuia o le tino ituaiga 1. Fertil Steril 1999; 72: 686-90. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
55. Naseem MZ, Patil SR, Patil SR, et al. Antispermatogenic ma androgenic gaioiga a Momordica charantia (Karela) i albino rat. J Ethnopharmacol 1998; 61: 9-16. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
56. Sarkar S, Pranava M, Marita R. Faʻaalia o le hypoglycemic gaioiga a Momordica charantia i se faʻamaonia manu faʻatusa o le maʻisuka. Pharmacol Res 1996; 33: 1-4. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
57. Cakici I, Hurmoglu C, Tunctan B, et al. Aafiaga Hypoglycaemic o Momordica charantia otoʻotoga i normoglycaemic poʻo cyproheptadine-faʻaosofia ivi hyperglycaemic. J Ethnopharmacol 1994; 44: 117-21. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
58. Ali L, Khan AK, Mamun MI, et al. Suesuega i hypoglycemic aafiaga o fua fualaʻau, fatu, ma atoa laau o Momordica charantia i masani ma suka suka faʻatusa. Planta Med 1993; 59: 408-12. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
59. Aso C, Cartwright T, Provost J, Bailey CJ. Hypoglycaemic effects o Momordica charantia otoʻotoga. Planta Med 1990; 56: 426-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
60. Leung SO, Yeung HW, Leung KN. O le immunosuppressive gaioiga o lua abortifacient porotini vavae ese mai le fatu oona meleni (Momordica charantia). Immunopharmacol 1987; 13: 159-71. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
61. Jilka C, Strifler B, Fortner GW, ma isi. I vivo antitumor gaioiga o le melon oona (Momordica charantia). Kanesa Res 1983; 43: 5151-5. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
62. Cunnick JE, Sakamoto K, Chapes SK, et al. Faʻaosoina o tumo cytotoxic immune sela faʻaaogaina ai le polotini mai le melon oona (Momordica charantia). Cell Immunol 1990; 126: 278-89. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
63. Lee-Huang S, Huang PL, Chen HC, et al. Aneti-HIV ma anti-tumo gaioiga o recombinant MAP30 mai meleni oona. Gene 1995; 161: 151-6. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
64. Bourinbaiar AS, Lee-Huang S. Potentiation o le anti-HIV gaioiga o vailaau faʻafefeteina, dexamethasone ma indomethacin, e le MAP30, o le antiviral sooupu mai le meleni oona. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 208: 779-85. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
65. Baldwa VS, Bhandari CM, Pangaria A, Goyal RK. Togafitiga faʻafomaʻi i tagata mamaʻi ma le maʻisuka mellitus o se iniseti-pei o vaega na maua mai i laʻau toto. Ups J Med Sci 1977; 82: 39-41. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
66. Raman A, et al. Aneti-suka suka ma meatotinoga a Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae). Phytomedicine 1996; 294.
67. Srivastava Y, Venkatakrishna-Bhatt H, Verma Y, et al. Antidiabetic ma adaptogenic meatotino a Momordica charantia otoʻotoina: O se faʻataʻitaʻiga ma togafitiga iloiloga. Phytother Res 1993; 7: 285-9.
68. Welihinda J, et al. Aʻafiaga o Momordica charantia luga o le suka faʻapalepale i le matua onset amataina. J Ethnopharmacol 1986; 17: 277-82. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
69. Leatherdale B, Panesar RK, Singh G, et al. Faʻaleleia atili o le faʻapalepale kulukose ona o le Momordica charantia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1981; 282: 1823-4. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
70. Blumenthal M, ed. Le Atoa Siamani Komisi E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
71. Monograps i luga o vailaʻau faʻaaogaina o laʻau fualaʻau. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.

Toe iloiloga - 11/25/2020