Tusitala: Clyde Lopez
Aso O Foafoaga: 20 Iuli 2021
Faafouga Aso: 18 Novema 2024
Anonim
The agony of opioid withdrawal — and what doctors should tell patients about it | Travis Rieder
Ata: The agony of opioid withdrawal — and what doctors should tell patients about it | Travis Rieder

O vailaʻau faʻavae e maua i le Opioid e aofia ai le morphine, oxycodone, ma synthetic (na faia e le tagata) opioid narcotics, pei o le fentanyl. Ua faatonuina latou e togafitia le tiga pe a uma se taotoga poʻo se taotoga o nifo. O nisi taimi, e faʻaaogaina e togafitia ai le tale leaga poʻo le manava tata. O le heroin fualaʻau faʻasaina e le faʻatagaina foi. Pe a sauaina, opioids mafua ai se tagata ia lagona le malolo ma matua fiafia (euphoria). I se faapuupuuga, o vailaau e faaaoga e maualuga ai.

Opioid 'onā o se tulaga e te le gata maualuga mai le faʻaaogaina o fualaʻau, ae o loʻo ia te oe foʻi le tino-lautele faʻailoga e mafai ai ona e maʻi ma faʻaletonu ai.

O le onā o Opioid e ono tupu pe a faʻatonuina e se tausi soifua maloloina se opioid, ae:

  • E le iloa e le tautua le tagata ua uma na ave le isi opioid ile fale.
  • E i ai se faʻafitauli tau soifua maloloina o le tagata, pei o le ate poʻo se faʻamaʻi fatu, e ono faigofie ona maua ai i le onā.
  • O loʻo faʻatonuina e le kamupani tuʻuina atu se vailaʻau moe (vailaʻau) e faʻaopoopo i le opioid.
  • E le o iloa e le kamupani o loʻo tuʻuina atu e seisi kamupani se opioid.

I tagata e faʻaaogaina opioids e maua maualuga ai, onanā ono mafua mai i:


  • Faʻaaogaina tele o le vailaʻau
  • Faʻaaogaina o le opioid ma nisi fualaʻau, pei o le moe vailaʻau poʻo le ava malosi
  • Aveina o le opioid i ni auala e le masani ona faʻaaogaina, pei o le ulaula pe manavaina i totonu o le isu (snort)

Faʻailoga faalagolago i le tele o le vailaʻau ua ave.

Faʻailoga o le onā opioid mafai ona aofia ai:

  • Suia le mafaufau tulaga, pei o le le mautonu, delirium, pe faʻaititia le faʻaalia poʻo le tali atu
  • Faʻalavelave manava (manava mafai lemu ma iu lava taofi)
  • Ogaoga le moe poʻo le leiloa o le mataala
  • Faanoi ma puaʻi
  • Tamaiti laiti

O suʻega e okaina e faʻamoemoeina i le popolega o le kamupani e faʻaopoopo mo isi faʻafitauli faʻafomaʻi. O suʻega e mafai ona aofia ai:

  • Tofotofoga toto
  • CT scan o le faiʻai, pe a fai o le tagata ua maua i le faʻamaʻi pe ono maua se manuʻa ulu
  • ECG (electrocardiogram) e fua ai gaioiga eletise i le fatu
  • Fatafata x-ave e siaki ai le niumonia
  • Toxicology (oona) siakiina

O le tagata e tuʻuina atu o le a fuaina ma mataʻituina faʻailoga taua a le tagata, aofia ai le vevela, uaua, manava fua, ma le toto maualuga. Faʻailoga o le a togafitia pe a talafeagai ai. E mafai ona maua e le tagata:


  • Manava manava, aofia ai le okesene, po o se paipa e alu i totonu le gutu i totonu o mama ma faapipii i se manava masini
  • IV vai
  • Faʻafomai valaʻauina naloxone (Evzio, Narcan) e poloka ai le aafiaga o le opioid i luga o le totonugalemu sisiva
  • Isi vailaʻau pe a manaʻomia

Talu ai o le aafiaga o le naloxone e masani ona puʻupuʻu, o le vaega o le soifua maloloina o le a vaʻavaʻaia le tagata maʻi mo le 4 i le 6 itula i le matagaluega o faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi. Tagata e feololo e oʻo i le onā onā e ono faʻaulu i le falemaʻi mo le 24 i le 48 itula.

E manaʻomia se suʻesuʻega o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau pe a pule le tagata i le pule i le ola.

Tele mea taua fuafua ai le puʻupuʻu ma taimi uʻuga taunuʻuga ina ua uma opioid onā. Nisi o mea ia:

  • O le tikeri o le 'ona, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, pe a le manava le tagata, ma pe o le a le umi
  • E faʻafia ona faʻaaogaina fualaʻau
  • Aʻafiaga o mea le mama faʻafefiloi i totonu ma faʻatulafonoina vailaʻau
  • Manua e tupu mai o se faʻaiuga o le faʻaaogaina o fualaʻau
  • Faʻavae tulaga faʻafomaʻi

O faʻafitauli tau soifua maloloina e ono tutupu e aofia ai mea nei:


  • Faʻaleagaina tumau o le mama
  • Faoa faamalosi, gatete
  • Faʻaitiitia le agavaʻa e mafaufau manino ai
  • Le mautonu ma faigata savali
  • O faʻamaʻi pipisi poʻo le faʻaleagaina tumau o totoga o se faʻaiuga o le tui faʻaaogaina o le vailaʻau

Inisā - opioids; Saua Opioid - onā; Faʻaaogaina Opioid - onā

Aronson JK. Opioid receptor agonists. I le: Aronson JK, ed. Meyler's Side Effects o Fualaʻau. 16th lomiga. Waltham, MA: Elsevier; 2016: 348-380.

National Institute on Drug Abuse 'upega tafaʻilagi. Opioids. www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids. Avanoa ia Aperila 29, 2019.

National Institute on Drug Abuse 'upega tafaʻilagi. O a faʻafitauli tau fomaʻi o le faʻaaogaina pea ole heroin? www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/heroin/what-are-medical-complications-chronic-heroin-use. Faʻafouina ia Iuni 2018. Avanoa ia Aperila 29, 2019.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Opioids. I: Puipui RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Togafitiga Faʻafuaseʻi a Rosen: Faʻataʻitaʻiga ma Togafitiga Faʻafomaʻi. 9th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mata 156

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