Laʻau Endocrine

Endocrine glands tatalaina (faʻalilolilo) homone i totonu o le toto.

O le endocrine glands aofia ai:

• Adrenal
• Hypothalamus
• Islets o Langerhans i le pancreas
• Ovaries
• Parathyroid
• Pineal
• Pituitary
• Tofotofoga
• Thyroid

Hypersecretion o le taimi o le sili atu o le tasi pe sili atu homone nana mai i se gland. Hyposecretion o le taimi o le aofaʻi o homone e faʻasaʻolotoina e maualalo tele.

E tele ituaiga o faʻafitauli e mafai ona aliaʻe pe a faʻamalolo le tele pe laititi foi o le homone.

Faʻaletonu e ono fesoʻotaʻi ma le le masani ai oloa gaʻo mai i se gland faapitoa aofia ai:

Adrenal:

• Faʻamaʻi Addison
• Adrenogenital syndrome poʻo adrenocortical hyperplasia
• Cushing syndrome
• Pheochromocytoma

Pancreas:

• Maʻi suka
• Hypoglycemia

Parathyroid:

• Tetany
• Fatugaʻo calculi
• Ova leiloa o minerale mai ponaivi (osteoporosis)

Pituitary:

• O le tuputupu ae le lava o le homone
• Acromegaly
• Gigantism
• Maʻi suka insipidus
• Faamaʻi sosolo

Tofotofoga ma ovaries:

• Le lava o feusuaiga atinae (le manino genitalia)

Thyroid:

• Fuafua hypothyroidism
• Myxedema
• Goiter
• Thyrotoxicosis

• Laʻau Endocrine
• Fesoʻotaʻiga o le Brain-thyroid

Guber HA, Farag AF. Iloiloga o galuega endocrine. I totonu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management e le Laboratory Metotia. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mata 24.

Klatt EC. Le endocrine faiga. I le: Klatt EC, ed. Robbins ma Cotran Atlas o faʻamaoniga. 3rd ed. Filatelefaia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: mata 15.

Kronenberg HM, Melmed S, Larsen PR, Polonsky KS. Mataupu Faavae o le endocrinology. I: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Williams Tusitusiga o Endocrinology. 13th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 1