Faamai toto

O faʻamaʻi toto o se vaega o tulaga o loʻo i ai le faʻafitauli i le tino o loʻo faʻaputuputu toto. O nei faʻamaʻi e mafai ona oʻo atu ai i le mamafa ma le faʻaumiumi o le toto pe a maeʻa se manuʻa. Ole toto e mafai foi ona amata na o oe lava.

Faʻapitoa gasegase toto aofia ai:

• Mauaina le lelei vaega peseti
• Faʻasologa o vaega o papamaa faʻaleagaina
• Faʻalauteleina faʻamaʻi pipisi (DIC)
• Le lava le Prothrombin
• Vaega V le lava
• Le mea moni VII le lava
• Vaega X le atoatoa
• Vaega XI le lava (hemophilia C)
• Glanzmann faamaʻi
• Hemophilia A.
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Von Willebrand faamaʻi (ituaiga I, II, ma le III)

Ole toto masani ole faʻapipiʻi ole toto e aofia ai vaega ole toto, e taʻua ole platelet, male aofaʻi ole 20 polotini plasma eseese. O nei mea ua taʻua o le faʻaputuputu o le toto poʻo le totoina o mea. O nei mea e fesoʻotaʻi ma isi vailaʻau e fausia ai se vailaʻau e taofi le tafetoto ua taʻua o le fibrin.

Faʻafitauli mafai ona tupu pe a nisi o mea e maualalo pe leiloa. O faʻamaʻi toto e mafai ona amata mai i le oʻo i le ogaoga.

O nisi faʻamaʻi toto e maua i le taimi e fanau mai ai ma pasi mai i aiga (tofi). Isi e atiaʻe mai:

• Maʻi, pei o le vaitamini K le lava pe ogaoga faʻamaʻi o le ate
• Togafitiga, e pei o le faʻaaogaina o fualaʻau e taofi ai le faʻamalosi o le toto (anticoagulants) poʻo le faʻaaoga umi o vailaʻau faʻafomaʻi.

O faʻamaʻi toto e mafai foi ona mafua mai i se faʻafitauli i le numera poʻo le aoga o sela toto e faʻamalosia ai le faʻaputuputuga o le toto (platelets). O nei faʻaletonu e mafai foi ona avea pe faʻavaeina pe atiaʻe mulimuli ane (mauaina). O aʻafiaga o nisi fualaʻau e masani ona oʻo atu ai i pepa ua maua.

Faʻailoga mafai ono aofia ai soʻo se tasi o mea nei:

• Toto i sooga poʻo maso
• Maua gofie
• Toto mamafa
• Toto mamafa totoga
• Nosebleeds e le faigofie ona taofi
• Toto tele i taotoga auala
• Toto toto uʻamea pe a uma le fanau mai

O faʻafitauli e tutupu e faʻamoemoe i le faʻamaʻi toto, ma lona ogaoga.

O suʻega e mafai ona faia e aofia ai:

• Faitau atoa le toto (CBC)
• Taimi faʻavaitaimi thromboplastin taimi (PTT)
• Suʻega o faʻasologa faʻavae
• Prothrombin taimi (PT)
• Suʻesuʻe suʻesuʻe, o se suʻega faʻapitoa PTT e faʻamaonia ai le le lava mea

Togafitiga faʻalagolago i le ituaiga o faʻamaʻi. E mafai ona aofia ai:

• Suia mea suia
• Toto fou tui toto
• Lafoaʻiga toto
• Isi togafitiga

Saili atili e uiga i faʻafitauli toto i nei vaega:

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Isi Mea Taua Lelei - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorder/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Manumalo mo Tamaʻitaʻi e I ai le Faʻaletonu o le Toto - www.hemophilia.org/Comunity-Resource/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disounds
• US Department of Health and Human Services - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorder

E faʻamoemoe foʻi taunuʻuga i le faʻamaʻi. Ole tele o faʻaleagaina toto muamua e mafai ona faʻatautaia. Afai o le faʻamaʻi e mafua mai faʻamaʻi, pei o le DIC, o le iuga o le a faʻamoemoeina i le lelei o le faʻavae o faʻamaʻi mafai ona togafitia.

Faʻafitauli e ono aofia ai:

• Toto i le faiʻai
• Toto tele (masani mai le gastrointestinal tract poʻo manuʻa)

O isi faʻafitauli e mafai ona tupu, faʻamoemoe i le le atoatoa.

Valaʻau lau fomaʻi pe a e maitauina se le masani ai pe ogaoga le alu toto.

Puipuiga faʻamoemoe i luga o le faapitoa faʻamaʻi.

Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. E seasea maua i le coagulation mea taua. I: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Faavae Autu ma Faʻataʻitaʻiga. 7th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mata 137.

Hall JE. Hemostasis ma le toto coagulation. I le: Hall JE, ed. Guyton ma Hall Tusitusiga o Fomaʻi Faʻapitoa. 13th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 37.

Nichols WL. Von Willebrand faamaʻi ma le hemorrhagic abnormalities o platelet ma gaioiga gaioiga. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 25th lomiga. Filatelefaia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mata 173

Ragni MV. Faʻafitauli o le hemorrhagic: o le coagulation mea le atoatoa. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 25th lomiga. Filatelefaia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mata 174