Myelodysplastic syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndrome o se vaega o faʻaletonu pe a o sela toto faia i le ponaivi suo le matutua i sela maloloina. E tuua ai oe ma nai sela toto maloloina i lou tino. O sela sela ua matutua atonu e le lelei ona galue.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) o se ituaiga o kanesa. I le tusa o le tasi vaetolu o tagata, MDS ono tupu i se matuitui myeloid leukemia.

O sela o ponaivi i ponaivi ponaivi e faia ituaiga eseese o sela toto. Faatasi ai ma MDS, o le DNA i sela sela ua faʻaleagaina. Talu ai ona ua faʻaleagaina le DNA, e le mafai e sela mole gaosia sela maloloina o le toto.

Ole mafuaʻaga tonu ole MDS e leʻo iloa. Mo le tele o mataupu, e leai se iloa mafuaʻaga.

Mea lamatia mo MDS aofia ai:

• Nisi ituaiga faʻamaʻi
• Faʻaalia i siosiomaga poʻo alamanuia vailaʻau, fetilaisa, pesticides, solvents, poʻo mamafa uʻamea
• Ulaula

Ole togafitiga ole kanesa muamua e faʻateleina ai le aʻafiaga ole MDS. Ole mea lea e taʻu ole MDS lona lua pe faʻataʻitaʻia.

• Nisi vailaʻau chemotherapy faʻateleina le avanoa o le atiaʻe MDS. Ole mea taua tele lea.
• Radiation togafitiga, pe a faʻaaogaina ma chemotherapy, faʻateleina le aʻafiaga o MDS sili atu.
• Tagata e iai sela sela transplant mafai ono atiaʻe MDS ona latou maua foi maualuga tui o chemotherapy.

MDS masani ona tupu i tagata matutua tausaga o 60 tausaga ma sili atu. E taatele i alii.

Ole amataga ole MDS e masani ona leai ni faʻailoga. MDS e masani ona maua i le taimi o isi suʻega toto.

O tagata e maualalo le maualalo o le toto e masani ona maua i faʻailoga. Faʻailoga faalagolago i le ituaiga o sela sela aʻafia, ma latou aofia ai:

• Vaivaiga poʻo le lelava ona o le anemia
• Manava le mānava
• Faigofie gagala ma toto
• Laʻititi mumu poʻo lanu viole pinpoint togi i lalo ole paʻu mafua mai ile toto
• Faʻamaʻi soo ma fiva

O tagata e iai MDS e le lava o latou toto. MDS ono faʻaititia le numera o le tasi pe sili atu o nei:

• Maua toto mumu
• Paʻepaʻe toto
• Papatusi

O foliga o nei sela e ono mafai foi ona suia. O le a faʻataunuʻuina e lau tausi soifua maloloina le aofaʻi atoa o le toto ma le faʻaluina o le toto e saili ai poʻo fea o toto sela na aʻafia.

O isi suʻega e ono faia o:

• Ivi ponaivi manaʻomia ma biopsy.
• Cytochemistry, tafe cytometry, immunocytochemistry, ma tui puipuia e faʻaogaina e faʻailoaina ma faʻavasega faʻapitoa ituaiga o MDS.
• Cytogenetics ma fluorescent i situ hybridization (FISH) o loʻo faʻaaogaina mo genesical analysis. Ole suʻega ole Cytogenetic e mafai ona iloa ai fesuiaʻiga ma isi mea e le masani ai. FISH e faʻaaogaina e iloa ai faʻapitoa suiga i totonu chromosome. E mafai ona fesoasoani le fesuiaiga o ituaiga e iloa ai le tali atu i togafitiga.

O nisi o nei suʻega o le a fesoasoani i lau tautua e faʻamautinoa pe o le a le ituaiga MDS o ia te oe. Ole mea lea o le a fesoasoani i lau tautua e fuafua lau togafitiga.

E ono faʻamatalaina e lau tautua lau MDS o se lamatiaga maualuga, faʻatonu tulaga lua, pe maualalo le aʻafiaga ile faʻavae o:

• Le ogaoga o le utiuti o sela toto i lou tino
• O ituaiga o suiga i lau DNA
• Le aofaʻi o sela papaʻe e leʻi matua i lou ponaivi

Talu ai o loʻo iai se aʻafiaga o le MDS e atiaʻe i le AML, e ono manaʻomia le tulitataoina ma lau tautua.

O lau togafitiga o le a faʻamoemoe i luga o le tele o itu:

• Pe oe maualalo-lamatiaga pe maualuga-lamatiaga
• Le ituaiga MDS o ia te oe
• Lou tausaga, soifua maloloina, ma isi tulaga oe ono maua ai, pei o le maʻisuka po o maʻi fatu

O le faʻamoemoe o togafitiga MDS o le puipuia o faʻafitauli ona o le utiuti o sela toto, faʻamaʻi ma le toto. E mafai ona aofia ai:

• Totoina toto
• Fualaʻau e faʻatupuina ai le gaosia o sela o le toto
• Fualaʻau e taofiofi ai le malosi puipuia
• Laʻau maualalo ole chemotherapy e faʻaleleia ai le toto sela
• Aveina sela sela

E ono faʻataʻitaʻia e lau tautua se tasi pe sili atu togafitiga e vaʻai ai i se tali a lau MDS.

O le vaʻaiga e faʻamoemoe i lau ituaiga MDS ma le ogaoga o faʻailoga. O lou soifua maloloina lautele e ono aʻafia ai foʻi avanoa e te toe faʻaleleia ai. Tele o tagata e mautu MDS e le alualu i luma i le kanesa mo le tele o tausaga, pe a fai.

O nisi tagata e iai le MDS e ono aʻafia ile myeloid leukemia (AML).

MDS faʻafitauli aofia ai:

• Toto
• O faʻamaʻi pipisi pei o le niumonia, faʻamaʻi pipisi, faʻamaʻi pipisi
• Leukemia myeloid matuitui

Faʻafesoʻotaʻi lau tautua peʻa e:

• Lagona vaivai ma lelavava i le tele o taimi
• Mama pe tafetotoi foi le toto, maua le palapala i tainifo poʻo nifo masani
• E te maitauina mumu poʻo lanu viole mūmū i lalo ole paʻu

Maʻi leaga laʻu laititi; Myelodysplastic syndrome; MDS; Preleukemia; Leukemia mumu; Anemia solomuli; Cytopenia faʻafefeteina

• Manaʻoga ivi

Hasserjian RP, Ulu DR. Myelodysplastic syndromes. I totonu: Jaffe ES, Arber DA, Campo E, Harris NL, Quintanilla-Martinez L, eds. Hematopathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia PA: Elsevier; 2017: mata 45.

'Upega Tafaʻilagi a le National Cancer Institute. Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms togafitiga (PDQ) - soifua maloloina polofesa. www.cancer.gov/types/myeloproliferative/hp/mds-mpd-treatment-pdq. Faʻafouina Fepuari 1, 2019. Avanoa ia Tesema 17, 2019.

Steensma DP, Maa RM. Myelodysplastic syndromes. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 26th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mata 172