Taui i tua ma le opioid

Opiates poʻo opioids o vailaʻau faʻaaogaina e togafitia ai tiga. O le upu nakoti faʻatatau i soʻo se ituaiga vailaʻau.

A e taofi pe tipi i tua fualaʻau nei pe a maeʻa ona e faʻaaogaina ni nai vaiaso pe sili atu foi, o le a tele au faʻailoga. E taʻua lea o le toesea.

I le 2018 i le Iunaite Setete, tusa o le 808,000 tagata na lipotia le faʻaaogaina o le heroin i le tausaga ua teʻa. I le tausaga lava lea, tusa ma le 11.4 miliona tagata na faʻaaogaina vailaʻau oona e aunoa ma se talavai. O fualaʻau tiga o narcotic e aofia ai:

• Codeine
• Heroin
• Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
• Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
• Methadone
• Meperidine (Demerol)
• Morphine
• Oxycodone (Percocet poʻo Oxycontin)

O nei vailaʻau mafai mafua ai faʻalagolago i le tino. O lona uiga e faʻamoemoe le tagata i le vailaʻau e puipuia ai le faʻateʻaina o faʻailoga. I le aluga o taimi, sili atu o le vailaʻau e manaʻomia mo le tutusa aafiaga. E taʻua lea mea o le faʻapalepale i fualaʻau.

Ole umi e fai ai lou faʻalagolago i le tino e eseese ma tagata taʻitasi.

A taofi le inu e le tagata o vailaʻau, e manaʻomia e le tino le taimi e toe malosi ai. Lenei mafua ai toʻesea faʻailoga. Aveʻesea mai opiates mafai ona tupu i soʻo se taimi umi-taofi umi ona taofi pe tipi i tua.

Vave faʻailoga o le tolopoina e aofia ai:

• Faanunununu
• Popole
• Ua tiga maso
• Faʻateleina loimata
• Le mautonu
• Isu isu
• Afu
• Fetagisi

O le tuai o faʻailoga o le tolopoina e aofia ai:

• Totonu ole manava
• Manava tata
• Faʻalautele tamaiti aʻoga
• Puta kusi
• Faanoi
• Talosaga

O nei faʻailoga e matua le lagolelei ae e le faʻamataʻu i le ola. Faʻailoga masani lava ona amata i totonu o le 12 itula talu ai le faʻaaogaina o le heroin ma i totonu o le 30 itula o le methadone.

O lau fomaʻi tausi soifua o le a faia se faʻataʻitaʻiga tino ma fesili fesili e uiga i lou soifua maloloina talaʻaga ma fualaʻau faʻaogaina.

Urine poʻo suʻega toto e siaki ai vailaʻau mafai faʻamaonia opiate faʻaaogaina.

O isi suʻega e faʻalagolago i le popolega o lau tautua mo isi faʻafitauli. O suʻega e mafai ona aofia ai:

• Toto chemistries ma ate galue tofotofoga pei o CHEM-20
• CBC (atoa le toto faitau, fua mumu ma papaʻe sela toto, ma platelet, lea fesoasoani toto e faʻaputuputu)
• Fatafata x-ray
• ECG (electrocardiogram, poʻo le fatu sailia)
• Suʻesuʻega mo le hepatitis C, HIV, ma le fatafata vaivai (TB), ona o le tele o tagata e faʻasauā ile opiates o loʻo iai foʻi ma nei faʻamaʻi

O le toʻesea mai nei vailaʻau lava oe e mafai ona faigata tele ma ono lamatia ai. Togafitiga e masani ona aofia ai vailaʻau, faufautua, ma le lagolago. Oe ma lau 'auʻaunaga o le a talanoaina lau tausiga ma togafitiga faʻamoemoe.

Aveesea mafai ona tupu i le tele o tulaga:

• I-fale, faʻaaogaina vailaʻau ma se malosi lagolago polokalama. (O lenei metotia e faigata, ma o le toʻesea e tatau ona faia lemu.)
• Faʻaogaina o fale ua setiina e fesoasoani ai i tagata e maua i le detoxification (detox).
• I totonu o se falemaʻi masani, pe a fai o faʻailoga e ogaoga.

O VAILAʻAU

Methadone faʻamamaina le faʻateʻaina faʻailoga ma fesoasoani ile detox. O loʻo faʻaaogaina foi o se vailaʻau tumau mo le faʻalagolago o le opioid. A maeʻa se vaitaimi o tausiga, o le vailaʻau ono faʻaititia lemu mo se taimi umi. Lenei fesoasoani faʻaititia le malosi o le faʻateʻaina faʻailoga. Nisi tagata tumau i methadone mo le tele o tausaga.

Buprenorphine (Subutex) togafitia le toʻesea mai opiates, ma mafai ai ona faʻapuʻupuʻu le umi o le detox. E mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina mo se tausiga umi, pei ole methadone. E mafai ona tuʻufaʻatasia le Buprenorphine ma le Naloxone (Bunavail, Suboxone, Zubsolv), e fesoasoani e puipuia le faʻalagolago ma le faʻaaoga sese.

Clonidine e faʻaaoga e fesoasoani faʻaititia ai le popolevale, vevesi, maso maso, afu, isu isu, ma cramping. E le fesoasoani faʻaititia tuinanau.

Isi vailaʻau mafai:

• Fofo le puaʻi ma le manava tata
• Fesoasoani ile moe

Naltrexone mafai ona fesoasoani e taofia le toe solomuli. O loʻo avanoa ile pill form poʻo le tui. E faʻapea foi, e mafai ona faʻafuaseʻi ma ogaoga le tuʻieseina pe a fai a o i ai pea opioids i lau tino.

Tagata e o i tua i tua ma faʻateleina tatau ona togafitia i le umi-methadone poʻo le buprenorphine tausiga.

Tele o tagata manaʻomia togafitiga uumi ile taimi ole detox. E mafai ona aofia ai:

• Vaega fesoasoani mo oe lava, pei o Narcotics Anonymous poʻo le SMART Recovery
• Fautua i fafo
• Togafitiga o tagata gasegase i fafo (aso falemaʻi)
• Togafitiga o falemaʻi

Soo se tasi e pasi i detox mo opiates e tatau ona siakiina mo le faʻanoanoa ma isi maʻi o le mafaufau. O le togafitia o nei faʻamaʻi e mafai ona faʻaititia ai le aʻafiaga. Antidepressant vailaʻau tatau ona tuʻuina atu pe a manaʻomia.

Lagolago kulupu, pei o Narcotics Anonymous ma SMART Toe Faaleleia, mafai ona fesoasoani tele i tagata ua fai ma vaisu opiates:

• Nakoti Faʻailoa - www.na.org
• SMART Toe Faʻaleleia - www.smartrec Recovery.org

Aveesea mai opiates e tiga, ae masani ona le lamatia le ola.

Faʻalavelave aofia ai le puaʻi ma manava manava mea i totonu o le mama. E taʻua lea mea o le manaʻoga, ma e ono mafua ai le faʻamaʻi o le mama. O le faʻasuaʻi ma le manava tatā e mafua ai le faʻaletonu o le tino ma le tino vailaʻau ma minerale (electrolyte) faʻalavelave.

Ole faʻafitauli sili ona tele o le toe foʻi ile faʻaogaina o fualaʻau. Tele o opiate soona inu maliu tupu i tagata oe na faatoa detoxed. O le toʻesea e faʻaititia ai le faʻapalepaleina o le tagata i fualaʻau, o lea la o latou na faʻatoa tolopoina e mafai ona ova le faʻatotinoina o se laʻititi laʻititi nai lo le taimi na latou inu ai.

Valaʻau lau tautua pe a fai o loʻo e faʻaaogaina pe alu ese mai le opiates.

Aveʻesea mai opioids; Mafiafia; Faʻaaoga vailaʻau - opiate faʻateʻaina; Faʻasaua i vailaʻau - tosoina o le opiate; Faʻaoga fualaʻau faʻasaina - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Sauaina o fualaʻau faasaina - toʻesea o opiate; Methadone - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Paʻu vailaʻau - opiate faʻateʻaina; Heroin saua - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Faʻasauā Morphine - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Toesea le tatalaina; Meperidine - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Dilaudid - toʻesea o le opiate; Oxycodone - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Percocet - toʻesea o le opiate; Oxycontin - faʻateʻaina o le opiate; Hydrocodone - faʻateʻaina o opiate; Detox - opiates; Faʻamamaina - opiates

Kampman K, Jarvis M. American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) National Practice Guide mo le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau i le togafitia o vaisu e aofia ai le faʻaaogaina o le opioid. J Faʻatonu Med. 2015; 9 (5): 358-367. PMID: 26406300 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26406300/.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Opioids. I: Puipui RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Togafitiga Faʻafuaseʻi a Rosen: Faʻataʻitaʻiga ma Togafitiga Faʻafomaʻi. 9th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mata 156

Ritter JM, Flower R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP. Faʻaoga fualaʻau ma faʻalagolago. I: Ritter JM, Flower R, Henderson G, Loke YK, MacEwan D, Rang HP, eds. Rang ma Dale's Fale Talavai. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 50.

Togafitiga o le soʻona faʻasauāina ma le Faʻafoeina o le Soifua Maloloina o le Mafaufau. Faʻaaoga vailaʻau taua ma faʻailo o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau i le Iunaite Setete: Iʻuga mai le 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. www.samhsa.gov/data/site/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018.pdf. Faʻafouina Aukuso 2019. Avanoa Iuni 23, 2020.