Tulaga maualuga o vailaʻau

O vailaʻau faʻamalositino maualuga o ni suʻega suʻesuʻe e suʻe ai le aofaʻi o vailaʻau i le toto.

E manaʻomia se faʻataʻitaʻiga ole toto. Ole tele ole taimi ole toto e toso mai le uaua o loʻo tu i totonu ole tulilima poʻo tua ole lima.

Oe o le a manaʻomia le sauniuni mo nisi fualaʻau tulaga maualuga fualaʻau.

• E taʻu atu e lau tausi soifua pe a manaʻomia le sui o taimi e te inu ai i au vailaʻau.
• Aua neʻi tuʻu pe suia au vailaʻau e aunoa ma le talanoa muamua i lau tautua.

E te ono lagonaina sina tiga pe o se tiga pe a tuu le nila. E te ono lagonaina foi le tataina o le loto i le nofoaga pe a uma ona tosoina le toto.

I le tele o vailaʻau, e te manaʻomia se tulaga lelei o fualaʻau i lou toto e maua ai le aʻafiaga tatau. O nisi vailaʻau e faʻatamaʻia pe a fai e maualuga le tulaga ma e le galue pe a fai o le tulaga e maualalo tele.

O le vaʻavaʻaia o le aofaʻi o vailaʻau o loʻo maua i lou toto e mafai ai e lau tautua ona faʻamautinoa le maualuga o vailaʻau ile tulaga lelei.

E taua tele le faʻataʻitaʻia o le maualuga o fualaʻau i tagata e inuina fualaʻau pei o

• Flecainide, procainamide poʻo le digoxin, e faʻaaoga e togafitia ai le tata masani o le fatu
• Lithium, faʻaaoga e togafitia ai faʻafitauli bipolar
• Phenytoin poʻo valproic acid, e faʻaaoga e togafitia ai le faʻanofo
• Gentamicin poʻo le amikacin, o vailaʻau faʻamalosi tino e faʻaaoga e togafitia ai faʻamaʻi

E mafai foʻi ona faia suʻesuʻega e iloa ai pe o le a le lelei o lou tino e talepe ai le vailaʻau pe faʻafefea ona fesoʻotaʻi ma isi vailaʻau e te manaʻomia.

Nei o nisi o vailaʻau e masani ona siakiina ma le masani faʻatulagaina tulaga:

• Acetaminophen: eseese ma le faʻaaogaina
• Amikacin: 15 i le 25 mcg / mL (25.62 i le 42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: 120 i le 150 ng / mL (432.60 i le 540.75 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: 5 i le 12 mcg / mL (21.16 i le 50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: 100 i le 400 ng / mL (83.20 i le 332.80 nmol / L) (12 itula pe a maeʻa vailaʻau)
• Desipramine: 150 i le 300 ng / mL (563.10 i le 1126.20 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: 0.8 i le 2.0 ng / mL (1.02 i le 2.56 nanomol / L)
• Disopyramide: 2 i le 5 mcg / mL (5.89 i le 14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: 40 i le 100 mcg / mL (283.36 i le 708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: 0.2 i le 1.0 mcg / mL (0.5 i le 2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: 5 i le 10 mcg / mL (10.45 i le 20.90 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: 150 i le 300 ng / mL (534.90 i le 1069.80 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: 20 i le 25 mcg / mL (41.60 i le 52.00 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: 1.5 i le 5.0 mcg / mL (6.40 i le 21.34 micromol / L)
• Lithium: 0.8 i le 1.2 mEq / L (0.8 i le 1.2 mmol / L)
• Methotrexate: eseese ma le faʻaaogaina
• Nortriptyline: 50 i le 150 ng / mL (189.85 i le 569.55 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: 10 i le 30 mcg / mL (43.10 i le 129.30 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: 10 i le 20 mcg / mL (39.68 i le 79.36 micromol / L)
• Primidone: 5 i le 12 mcg / mL (22.91 i le 54.98 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: 4 i le 10 mcg / mL (17.00 i le 42.50 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: 2 i le 5 mcg / mL (6.16 i le 15.41 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: eseese ma le faʻaaogaina
• Sirolimus: 4 i le 20 ng / mL (4 i le 22 nmol / L) (12 itula pe a maeʻa fualaʻau; eseese ma le faʻaaogaina)
• Tacrolimus: 5 i le 15 ng / mL (4 i le 25 nmol / L) (12 itula pe a maeʻa le inumaga)
• Theophylline: 10 i le 20 mcg / mL (55.50 i le 111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: 5 i le 10 mcg / mL (10.69 i le 21.39 micromol / L)
• Valproic acid: 50 i le 100 mcg / mL (346.70 i le 693.40 micromol / L)

E masani ona fesuisuiaʻi vaega eseese o tau masani ile falefaigaluega eseese. Talanoa i lau tautua e uiga i le uiga o au faʻapitoa suʻega iʻuga.

O faʻataʻitaʻiga i luga atu o loʻo faʻaalia ai fuataga masani mo iʻuga mo nei suʻega. O nisi potu suesue e faʻaaoga eseese fuataga pe ono suʻesuʻeina faʻataʻitaʻi eseese.

Taua i fafo atu o le tulaga faʻatulagaina ono mafua mai i nai suiga laiti pe o se faʻailoga e te manaʻomia e fetuunai au metotia. Atonu e taʻu atu e lau tautua ia oe e faamisi se inumaga pe a fai o le fuainumera e fuaina e ova tele.

Nei o ni tulaga oona mo nisi o vailaʻau e masani ona siakiina:

• Acetaminophen: sili atu ile 250 mcg / mL (1653.50 micromol / L)
• Amikacin: sili atu i le 25 mcg / mL (42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: sili atu ile 500 ng / mL (1802.50 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: sili atu nai lo 12 mcg / mL (50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: sili atu ile 400 ng / mL (332.80 micromol / L)
• Desipramine: sili atu ile 500 ng / mL (1877.00 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: sili atu ile 2.4 ng / mL (3.07 nmol / L)
• Disopyramide: sili atu ile 5 mcg / mL (14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: sili atu ile 100 mcg / mL (708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: sili atu i le 1.0 mcg / mL (2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: sili atu ile 12 mcg / mL (25.08 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: sili atu ile 500 ng / mL (1783.00 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: sili atu i le 35 mcg / mL (72.80 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: sili atu ile 5 mcg / mL (21.34 micromol / L)
• Lithium: sili atu i le 2.0 mEq / L (2.00 millimol / L)
• Methotrexate: sili atu ile 10 mcmol / L (10,000 nmol / L) i luga ole 24-itula
• Nortriptyline: sili atu i le 500 ng / mL (1898.50 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: sili atu nai lo 40 mcg / mL (172.40 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: sili atu ile 30 mcg / mL (119.04 micromol / L)
• Primidone: sili atu nai lo 15 mcg / mL (68.73 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: sili atu nai lo 16 mcg / mL (68.00 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: sili atu ile 10 mcg / mL (30.82 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: sili atu ile 300 mcg / mL (2172.00 micromol / L)
• Theophylline: sili atu ile 20 mcg / mL (111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: sili atu ile 12 mcg / mL (25.67 micromol / L)
• Valproic acid: sili atu ile 100 mcg / mL (693.40 micromol / L)

Vaʻavaʻaia togafitiga o vailaʻau

• Tofotofoga toto

Clarke W. Vaaiga aoao o le mataituina o vailaʻau togafitiga. I: Clarke W, Dasgupta A, lomiga. Luitau Faʻafomaʻi i le Vaʻaia o Vailaau Faʻapaʻu. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 1

Diasio RB. Mataupu Faavae o vailaʻau togafitiga. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 25th lomiga. Filatelefaia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mata 29.

Nelson LS, Ford MD. Oona oona. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 25th lomiga. Filatelefaia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: mata 110.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Toxicology ma mataʻituina vailaʻau togafitiga. I totonu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management e le Laboratory Metotia. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mata 23.