Lau oona

O se vailaʻau oona e faʻasino i suʻesuʻega eseese e iloa ai le ituaiga ma le aofaʻi o fualaʻau faʻatulafono ma le faʻatulafonoina na inu e se tagata

Toxicology siakiina e masani ona faia faʻaaogaina ai le toto poʻo le urine faʻataʻitaʻiga. Peitaʻi, e mafai ona faia i se taimi e leʻi leva ona folo e le tagata le vailaʻau, e faʻaaoga ai mea i totonu o le manava na ave i le gastric lavage (manava o le manava) pe a uma le puaʻi.

Leai se faʻapitoa sauniuniga e manaʻomia. A faʻapea e te mafaia, taʻu i lau tautua faʻafomaʻi poʻo a vailaʻau (aofia ai ma vailaʻau o fualaʻau) na e inuina, e aofia ai le taimi na e inuina ai ma le tele na e inu ai.

O lenei suʻega o nisi taimi o se suʻesuʻega mo le faʻaogaina o fualaʻau poʻo le faʻasaua. Faʻapitoa maliega, tagofiaina ma le faʻailogaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga, poʻo nisi faʻasologa e ono manaʻomia.

Toto suʻega:

A o le nila e tuʻuina e toso ai le toto, o nisi tagata lagona le feololo tiga, aʻo isi lagona na o se tuia poʻo se lagona tiga. A maeʻa, atonu e i ai ni faʻagatete.

Suʻesuʻe suʻega:

O le suʻesuʻe suʻega aofia ai urination masani. E leai se faʻaletonu.

O lenei faʻataʻitaʻiga e masani ona faia i faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi. E mafai ona faʻaaogaina e iloilo ai se faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi pe faʻamoemoe faʻasolitulafono poʻo se mea oona. E mafai ona fesoasoani e faʻamautinoa le mafuaʻaga ogaoga vailaʻau oona, mataʻituina le faʻamoemoeina o vailaʻau, ma fuafua le i ai o vailaʻau i le tino mo faʻafomaʻi pe faʻatulafonoina mafuaʻaga.

Mafuaaga faʻaopopo e ono faia ai le suʻega e aofia ai:

• Ava Malosi
• Tulaga toʻesea o le ava malosi
• Suia le mafaufau tulaga
• Nephropathy analgesic (oona fatugaʻo)
• Faʻaletonu le inu ava malosi (delirium tremens)
• Delirio
• Faanoanoaga
• Mataʻituina o vailaʻau faʻasaina
• Faʻamatalaga o le ava malosi
• Ova soona fai
• Faoa faamalosi
• Pa e mafua mai i le faʻaaogaina o cocaine
• Masalomia le faia o feusuaiga
• Le malamalama

Afai o le suʻega e faʻaaogaina o se fualaʻau fualaʻau, e tatau ona faia i totonu o se aofaʻi taimi o le taimi na maeʻa ai le vailaʻau, pe a o ituaiga o fualaʻau e mafai lava ona maua i le tino. O faʻataʻitaʻiga o loo i lalo:

• Ava Malosi: 3 i le 10 itula
• Amphetamines: 24 i le 48 itula
• Barbiturates: oʻo atu i le 6 vaiaso
• Benzodiazepines: e oʻo atu i le 6 vaiaso ma le maualuga tulaga faʻaaogaina
• Cocaine: 2 i le 4 aso; oo atu i le 10 i le 22 aso ma le mamafa faaaogaina
• Codeine: 1 i le 2 aso
• Heroin: 1 i le 2 aso
• Hydromorphone: 1 i le 2 aso
• Methadone: 2 i le 3 aso
• Morphine: 1 i le 2 aso
• Phencyclidine (PCP): 1 i le 8 aso
• Propoxyphene: 6 i le 48 itula
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): 6 i le 11 vaiaso ma le mamafa faʻaaoga

E masani ona fesuiaʻi vaega eseese o vailaʻau masani mo vailaʻau poʻo vailaʻau faʻasaina ile faleoloa eseese. Talanoa i lau tautua e uiga i le uiga o au faʻapitoa suʻega iʻuga.

O le le aoga le taua e masani lava o lona uiga o le 'ava malosi, vailaʻau talavai e leʻi faʻatonuina, ma fualaʻau faʻasaina e le o mauaina.

E mafai e le suʻesuʻeina o le toto ona faʻatulaga le i ai ma le maualuga (aofaʻi) o vailaʻau i lou tino.

O faʻataʻitaʻiga o le urine e masani ona lipotia mai o ni mea lelei (e maua le vailaʻau) pe leaga (leai se mea e maua).

O le maualuga o le ava malosi poo vailaʻau faʻasaina e mafai ona avea ma faʻailoga o le loto i ai poʻo le faʻasuaʻava onanā poʻo le soona inu tele.

O le iai o fualaʻau faʻasaina poʻo vailaʻau le faʻatonuina mo le tagata ua faʻaalia ai le faʻaogaina o fualaʻau faʻasa.

Nisi faʻatulafonoina faʻatonutonu ma luga ole fata vailaʻau ono fesoʻotaʻi ma vailaʻau suʻesuʻe ma iʻuga sese i suʻega mimi. O le a mataala lau tautua i lenei avanoa.

O faʻafitauli e fesoʻotaʻi ma le tosoina o le toto e laʻititi ae ono aofia ai:

• Toto tele
• Faaseʻe pe lagona le mumu o le ulu
• Hematoma (toto faʻaputuputu i lalo o le paʻu)
• Faamaʻi (o se laʻititi tulaga lamatia soʻo se taimi le paʻu ua paʻu)

O vailaʻau e ono mafai ona iloa i luga ole faʻamaʻi oona aofia ai:

• Ava Malosi (ethanol) - "inu" ava malosi
• Amphetamines
• Antidepressants
• Barbiturates ma hypnotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Cocaine
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
• Mariuana
• Nakoti
• Le-narcotic tiga vailaʻau, aofia ai acetaminophen ma anti-inflammatory vailaʻau
• Phencyclidine (PCP)
• Phenothiazines (antipsychotic pe faʻafilemuina vailaʻau)
• Talavai talavai, soʻo se ituaiga

Barbiturates - pupuni; Benzodiazepines - pupuni; Amphetamines - pupuni; Analgesics - pupuni; Antidepressants - pupuni; Nakoti - pupuni; Phenothiazines - pupuni; Vailaau faʻasaina o vailaʻau; Tofotofoga 'ava malosi i le toto

• Tofotofoga toto

Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Meier BM, Holstege C. Togafitiga oona. I le: Rifai N, ed. Tietz Tusitusiga o Togafitiga Vailaʻau ma Molecular Diagnostics. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: mata 41.

Minns AB, Clark RF. Faʻasaua i vailaʻau. I: Puipui RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Togafitiga Faʻafuaseʻi a Rosen: Faʻataʻitaʻiga ma Togafitiga Faʻafomaʻi. 9th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mata 140.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGuigan M, Greensher J. Togafitiga oona. I totonu: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Nofoaga Faʻataʻitaʻi Nei 2019. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2019; 1273-1325.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Abraham NZ. Toxicology ma mataʻituina vailaʻau togafitiga. I totonu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management e le Laboratory Metotia. 23rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mata 23.