Tusitala: Gregory Harris
Aso O Foafoaga: 10 Apelila 2021
Faafouga Aso: 24 Setema 2024
Anonim
Chondroitin sulfate - Medical Definition
Ata: Chondroitin sulfate - Medical Definition

Anotusi

Chondroitin sulfate o se vailaʻau e masani lava ona maua i le lapisi i soʻoga o le tino. Chondroitin sulfate e masani ona gaosia mai meaola e maua mai i meaola, pei o le shark ma cow cartilage. E mafai foi ona fai i totonu o le fale suesue.

Nisi chondroitin sulfate oloa e le o saʻo le faʻailogaina. I nisi tulaga, o le aofaʻi o chondroitin ua ese mai leai se sili atu ma le 100% o le aofaʻi taua i luga o le oloa igoa. E le gata i lea, o nisi oloa o loʻo i ai le chondroitin e aumaia mai le tele o manu eseese, e ui lava e le masani ona taua i luga o le igoa.

Chondroitin sulfate e faʻaaoga mo le osteoarthritis ma le faʻamaʻi mata. E masani ona faʻaaogaina faʻatasi ma isi mea e aofia ai le manganese ascorbate, hyaluronic acid, collagen peptides, poʻo le glucosamine. Chondroitin sulfate e ave foi e le gutu, faʻapipiʻi i le paʻu, ma tuʻuina atu e pei o se fana mo le tele o isi tulaga, ae leai se lelei faʻasaienisi faʻamaoniga e lagolagoina nei faʻaaoga.

Natura Faʻafomaʻi Maea Faʻamatalaga fua faatatau aoga faʻavae i luga o faʻasaienitisi faʻamaoniga e tusa ma le fua faʻatatau lenei: Aoga, Masalo Lelei Lelei, E Lelei Lelei, Masalo Lelei Lelei, Masalo Lelei, Le Lelei, ma Le lava Faʻamaoniga e Fuafua ai.

Le aoga togi mo CHONDROITIN SULFATE e faapea:


Masalo e aoga mo ...

  • Cataract. Ua faʻaalia i suʻesuʻega le tuiina o se vaifofo e iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le sodium hyaluronate i totonu o le mata e puipuia ai le mata i le taimi o taotoga o le cataract. Tele oloa eseʻese o loʻo iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le sodium hyaluronate na iloiloina e le U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mo le faʻaaogaina i le taimi o taotoga o le cataract. Ae ui i lea, e leʻo manino pe a faʻaopopo le chondroitin sulfate i le sodium hyaluronate fofo e fesoasoani e faʻaititia le mamafa i totonu o le mata pe a maeʻa le taotoga o le cataract pe a faʻatusatusa i isi togafitiga tutusa. O nisi o suʻesuʻega amata o loʻo faʻapea mai, o se fofo o mata e iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le hyaluronate (Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories) e mafai ona faʻaititia ai le mamafa o le mata ma faʻaleleia atili ai le soifua maloloina o mata pe a uma ona aveʻesea le cataract. Ae ui i lea, o mataua e foliga mai e le sili atu nai lo o mataua o loʻo iai le hyaluronate naʻo seisi vailaʻau e faʻaigoaina o le hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose. E le o iloa le aʻafiaga o tali e naʻo le chondroitin sulfate o loʻo tupu i le taotoga o le cataract.
  • Osteoarthritis. O suʻesuʻega faʻafomaʻi o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le faʻaaogaina o le chondroitin sulfate e le gutu e faʻalelei atili ai le tiga ma faʻagaioiga i nisi tagata e maua ile osteoarthritis peʻa faʻaaoga e oʻo atu i le 6 masina. E foliga mai e sili ona aoga i tagata e sili atu le ogaoga tiga ma pe a fai o se vailaʻau-vasega sauniuniga. O oloa faʻapitoa na faʻaalia le aoga i tagata mamaʻi e maua i le osteoarthritis e aofia ai Chondrosulf (IBSA Institut Biochimique SA), Chondrosan (Bioibérica, S.A.), ma Structrum (Laboratoires Pierre Fabre). Ae o le tiga tiga e foliga mai e laʻititi i le sili atu. O isi suʻesuʻega faʻaalia ai o le avea o le chondroitin sulfate mo le oʻo atu i le 2 tausaga e ono faʻatelegeseina ai le alualu i luma o le osteoarthritis.
    O nisi suʻesuʻega na iloiloina aafiaga o le chondroitin sulfate pe a fai e le gutu faatasi ma le glucosamine. O nisi suʻesuʻega faʻaalia ai o le aveina o oloa faʻapitoa o loʻo iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le glucosamine e fesoasoani e faʻaititia ai faʻailoga o le osteoarthritis. O isi suʻesuʻega e leai se aoga pe a faʻaaoga ni sauniuniga faʻapisinisi. O le aveina o le chondroitin sulfate ma le glucosamine i se taimi umi e foliga mai e telegese ai le alualu i luma o le osteoarthritis.
    E i ai ni faʻamaoniga o le paʻu kulimi o loʻo iai le chondroitin sulfate faʻatasi ma le glucosamine sulfate, shark cartilage, ma camphor e mafai ona faʻaititia ai osteoarthritis faʻailoga. Peitai, soʻo se faʻailoga fesoasoani e mafua mai i le camphor ae le o isi mea. E leai se suʻesuʻega e faʻaalia ai o le chondroitin e mitiia i totonu o le paʻu.

Le lava molimau e fuaina aoga mo ...

  • Paʻu soʻoga e mafua mai i vailaʻau e taʻua o le aromatase inhibitors (aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias). O le vave suʻesuʻe na fautua mai ai o le aveina o se tuufaatasiga o le glucosamine sulfate ma le chondroitin sulfate i le lua pe tolu vaevaeina tui i aso uma mo le 24 vaiaso e faaleleia ai soʻoga tiga ma auga mafua mai i vailaʻau faʻaaoga e togafitia kanesa o le susu.
  • Mata mago. O suʻesuʻega amata o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le faʻaaogaina o le chondroitin sulfate eye drop e mafai ona faʻaititia ai mata matutu. O isi suʻesuʻega faʻaalia ai o le faʻaaogaina o mataua o mata e iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le xanthan gum e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili ai mata matala faʻapea foi ma le faʻaaogaina o loimata malulu. Ae o isi suʻesuʻega amata e leai se aoga.
  • O tiga o maso e mafua mai i le faamalositino. I le amataga o suʻesuʻega o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le avea o le chondroitin sulfate i aso uma e le faʻaititia ai le tiga o maso pe a maeʻa le faʻamalositino i aliʻi.
  • Fula (mumu) o le manava (gastritis). I le amataga o suʻesuʻega o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le inuina o se vai faʻapitoa e iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le hyaluronic acid e mafai ona faʻaititia ai le tiga o le manava i tagata e maua ile gastritis.
  • Maʻi tiga o le tagāmimi (interstitial cystitis). O nisi suʻesuʻega faʻaalia ai o le tuʻuina o le vai i le chondroitin sulfate i totonu o le tagāmimi e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili ai faʻailoga tiga o le tagāmimi. Ae o le tele o nei suʻesuʻega e maualalo le lelei. O ni suʻesuʻega sili ona maualuluga e taʻu mai ai o le faʻaaogaina o le chondroitin sulfate i totonu o le tagoto e le aoga. O ni suʻesuʻega vave na faʻaalia ai o le avea o se oloa e iai le chondroitin sulfate ma isi mea e ala ile gutu e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili ai le tagāmimi. Ae le o mautinoa pe o le penefiti e mai chondroitin sulfate poʻo isi mea.
  • O se faʻamaʻi e afaina ai ponaivi ma soʻoga, masani i tagata e le lava le selenium (Kashin-Beck faamaʻi). O suʻesuʻega muamua e taʻu mai ai o le chondroitin sulfate, pe i ai pe leai foi le glucosamine hydrochloride, e mafai ona faaititia ai le tiga o tagata e maua i le maʻi Kashin-Beck. E le gata i lea, o le aveina o le chondroitin sulfate ma le glucosamine sulfate e mafai ai ona faifai lemu le vafealoaʻi o tagata i lenei faʻamaʻi o ponaivi. Ae ui i lea, e le manino pe a fai o le chondroitin sulfate na o ia e faʻatelegeseina ai le vateatea faʻatasi.
  • Maʻi fatu. O nisi o suʻesuʻega amata o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le avea o le chondroitin sulfate e le gutu e ono faʻaititia ai le aʻafiaga o le fatu poʻo le tupu faʻafuaseʻi.
  • Paʻu sisila, mageso (psoriasis). O suʻesuʻega muamua e taʻu mai ai o le aveina o le chondroitin sulfate mo le 2-3 masina e faaititia ai le tiga ma faaleleia ai tulaga o le paʻu i tagata e maua i le psoriasis. Ae fai mai isi suʻesuʻega o le aveina o le chondroitin sulfate (Condrosan, CS Bio-Active, Bioiberica S.A., Barcelona, ​​Sepania) i aso uma mo le 3 masina e le faʻaitiitia ai le ogaoga o le psoriasis i tagata e maua i le psoriasis ma le osteoarthritis.
  • Leiloa o le puleaina o le tagāmimi (urinary incontinence). O suʻesuʻega muamua e taʻu mai ai o le faaofiina o le sodium chondroitin sulfate i totonu o le tagāmimi e ala i le urinary catheter e faaleleia ai le tulaga lelei o le olaga i tagata e tele naua le tagāmimi.
  • Faamaʻi pipisi o le fatugaʻo, tagāmimi, poʻo le urethra (urinary tract infection poʻo UTIs). O suʻesuʻega muamua na faʻaalia ai o le faʻatautaia o se fofo o loʻo iai le chondroitin sulfate ma le hyaluronic acid i totonu o le tagāvai e ala i le catheter e faʻaititia ai le aofaʻi o UTIs i fafine ma le talaʻaga o UTIs.
  • Paʻu matua.
  • Maalili ulu.
  • Maʻi fatu.
  • Kolisi maualuga.
  • Ivi vaivai ma magaugofie (osteoporosis).
  • Paʻu maanuminumi.
  • Isi tulaga.
E tele faʻamaoniga e manaʻomia e fua ai le chondroitin sulfate mo nei faʻaoga.

I le osteoarthritis, o le cartilage i sooga e malepe. O le aveina o le chondroitin sulfate, o se tasi o poloka fale e faʻapipiʻi ai le cartilage, e ono faʻatelegese ai lenei malepe.

A ave e le gutu: Chondroitin sulfate o le MAFAI ONA SAFIA. Chondroitin sulfate na ave saogalemu e le gutu mo le 6 tausaga. E mafai ona mafua ai sina tiga manava manava ma niniva. O isi aʻafiaga na lipotia mai o le fulafula, manava manava, papala, tiga o le ulu, fulafula mata, fula o vae, paʻu o lauulu, paʻu o le paʻu, ma le tata lelei o le fatu.

A tuu i le mata: Chondroitin sulfate o le MAFAI ONA SAFIA pe a faʻaaogaina o se fofo mata i le taimi o taotoga cataract.

A avatua o se fana: Chondroitin sulfate o le MAFAI ONA SAFIA pe a tui i le maso o se fana, puʻupuʻu.

E i ai le popolega e uiga i le saogalemu o le chondroitin sulfate aua e sau mai meaola meaola. O nisi tagata o loʻo popole neʻi le saogalemu le gaosiaina o gaioiga ono mafua ai le faʻaleagaina o chondroitin oloa ma faʻamaʻi manu sela, e aofia ai ma latou e ono faʻasalalauina le bovine spongiform encephalopathy (valea maʻi faʻamaʻi). E oʻo mai i le taimi nei, e leai ni lipoti o le chondroitin e mafua ai faʻamaʻi i tagata, ma e ono maualalo le aʻafiaga.

Nisi oloa chondroitin aofia ai sili atu aofaʻi o manganese. Fesili i lau fomaʻi faʻapitoa e uiga i ituaiga faʻatuatuaina.

Lapataiga faʻapitoa & lapataʻiga:

Maitaga ma susu-fafagaina: E le lava faʻamatalaga faʻatuatuaina e iloa ai pe o le chondroitin sulfate e saogalemu e faʻaaoga pe a maʻito pe fafagaina susu. Tumau i le itu saogalemu ma aloese mai le faʻaaogaina.

Asthma: E i ai ni popolega o le chondroitin sulfate ono atili ai ona leaga le foma. A iai sau maʻi sela, faʻaaoga ma le faʻaeteete le chondroitin sulfate.

Toto toto: I le talitonuga, faʻatonutonuina chondroitin sulfate ono faʻateleina ai le ono maua i le toto ile faʻamaʻi ile toto.

Kanesa o le Prostate: O le vave suʻesuʻe e taʻu mai ai o le chondroitin e ono mafua ai le sosolo pe toe tupu foi o le kanesa o le prostate. Lenei aʻafiaga e leʻi faʻaalia i chondroitin sulfate faʻaopoopoga. Peitaʻi, seʻi iloga e tele mea e iloa, aua neʻi avea le chondroitin sulfate pe a fai e maua oe i le kanesa o le prostate pe o iai i se tulaga lamatia tele mo le atinaʻeina (e i ai sou tuagane poʻo sou tama e maua i le kanesa prostate).

Feololo
Faʻaeteete i lenei tuʻufaʻatasiga.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Warfarin (Coumadin) e faʻaaoga e faʻatelegese ai le tui o le toto. E tele lipoti o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le avea o le chondroitin ma le glucosamine e faʻateleina ai le aafiaga o le warfarin (Coumadin) i le tui toto. Lenei mafai mafua mafua totolia ma le palapala toto e mafai ona ogaoga. Aua le avea chondroitin pe afai o loʻo e ave warfarin (Coumadin).
E leai ni fesoʻotaʻiga lauiloa ma laʻau ma mea faʻaopopo.
E leai ni fesoʻotaʻiga iloa ma meaʻai.
O vailaʻau nei sa suʻesuʻeina i suʻesuʻega faasaienisi.

E SAUNIU:
  • Mo osteoarthritis: O le fualaʻau masani ole chondroitin sulfate o le 800-2000 mg na aveina e avea ma tui e tasi pe lua pe tolu vaevaeina vailaʻau i aso uma e oʻo ile 3 tausaga.
APPLY TO THE SKIN:
  • Mo osteoarthritis: O le kulimi o loʻo iai le 50 mg / kalama o le chondroitin sulfate, 30 mg / kalama o le glucosamine sulfate, 140 mg / kalama o le shark cartilage, ma le 32 mg / gram o camphor na faʻaaoga pe a manaʻomia mo soʻoga soʻosoʻo e oʻo atu i le 8 vaiaso.
FAI I LE MUSIKA:
  • Mo osteoarthritis: Chondroitin sulfate (Matrix) na tui i le maso i aso uma pe faʻalua vaiaso i le 6 masina.
APPLY TO THE MATA:
  • Mo cataract: Tele mataua eseese mataua o loʻo iai le sodium hyaluronate ma le chondroitin sulfate (DisCoVisc, Alcon Laboratories; Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories; DuoVisc, Alcon Laboratories; Viscoat, Alcon Laboratories; Provisc, Alcon Laboratories) na faʻaaogaina i taimi o taotoga o le cataract.
Calcium Chondroitin Sulfate, CDS, Chondroitin, Chondroitin Polysulfate, Chondroitin Polysulphate, Chondroitin Sulfate A, Chondroitin Sulphates, Chondroitin Sulfate B, Chondroitin Sulfate C, Chondroitin Sulphates, Chondroitin Sulphate A Sodium, Chondroïtinef Chate, Chondroitin Sulphates, Chondroitin Sulphate A Sodium, Chondroïtinef Chate, Chondroitin Sulphate , Chondroïtine 4-Sulfate, Chondroïtine 4- et 6- Sulphate, Condroitin, CPS, CS, CSA, CSC, GAG, Galactosaminoglucuronoglycan Sulfate, Chondroitin 4-Sulfate, Chondroitin 4- ma 6-Sulfate, Poly- (1-> 3) -N-Aceltyl-2-Amino-2-Deoxy-3-O-Beta-D-Glucopyranurosyl-4- (poʻo le 6-), Polysulfate de Chondroïtine, Sulfate de Chondroïtine, Sulfate de Galactosaminoglucuronoglycane, Sulfates de Chondroïtine, Sulfato de Conde .

Ina ia aoao atili e uiga i le auala na tusia ai lenei tusitusiga, faʻamolemole vaʻai i le Natura Faʻafomaʻi Maea Faʻamatalaga metotia


  1. Bruyere O, Honvo G, Veronese N, et al. O se faʻafouga algorithm fautuaga mo le faʻatautaia o tulivae osteoarthritis mai le European Society for Clinical ma Economic Aspects o Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, ma Musculoskeletal Disease (ESCEO). Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Tes; 49: 337-50. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  2. Navarro SL, Levy L, Curtis KR, Lampe JW, Hullar MAJ. Faʻataʻitaʻiga o le Gut Microbiota e Glucosamine ma Chondroitin i se Faʻatusatusaga, Faʻalua-Tauaso Faʻataʻitaʻiga Faʻamasinoga i Tagata. Meaola ninii. 2019 Nov 23; 7. pii: E610. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  3. Restaino OF, Finamore R, Stellavato A, et al. Europa chondroitin sulfate ma glucosamine meaʻai faʻaopopo: O se faʻavasega lelei lelei ma aofaʻi iloiloga faʻatusatusa i vailaʻau vailaʻau. Carbesterol Polym. 2019 Oketopa 15; 222: 114984. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  4. Kolasinski SL, Neogi T, Hochberg MC, et al. 2019 American College of Rheumatology / Arthritis Foundation taiala mo le puleaina o osteoarthritis o le lima, suilapalapa, ma tulivae. Gugu Rheumatol. 2020 Fep; 72: 220-33. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  5. Savarino V, Pace F2, Scarpignato C; Esoxx Suesuega Vaega. Faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻi falemaʻi: puipuiga o le mucosal faʻatasi ma le taofiofia o le acid i le togafitia o faʻamaʻi o le reflux e le o se erosive - aoga o le Esoxx, o le hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulphate faʻavae faʻavae bioadhesive. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017; 45: 631-642. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  6. Goddard JC, Janssen DAW. Intravesical hyaluronic acid ma chondroitin sulfate mo faʻafitauli o loʻo tupu pea urinary tract: iloiloga faʻasolosolo ma meta-auiliiliga. Int Urogynecol J. 2018 Jul; 29: 933-942. Epub 2017 Nov 27. Toe iloilo. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  7. Iannitti T, Morales-Medina JC, Merighi A, et al. O le hyaluronic acid- ma le chondroitin sulfate-faʻavae masini togafitiga faʻaleleia gastritis tiga, le mautonu, ma foliga endoscopic. Fualaʻau Faʻatonu Deliv Vailaau. 2018 Oketopa; 8: 994-999. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  8. Tsuruta A, Horiike T, Yoshimura M, Nagaoka I. Suʻesuʻega o le aʻafiaga o le faʻatinoina o le glucosamine o loʻo i ai le faʻaopopoga i meaola o le biomarkers mo le cartilage metabolism i tagata taʻalo soka. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Oketopa; 18: 3941-3948. Epub 2018 Aug 17. Vaʻaia faʻavaʻa.
  9. Simental-Mendía M, Sánchez-García A, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Acosta-Olivo CA, Peña-Martínez VM, Simental-Mendía LE. Aʻafiaga o le glucosamine ma le chondroitin sulfate i faʻailoga ole tulivae osteoarthritis: o se faʻavasega iloiloga ma meta-suʻesuʻega o faʻasolosolo placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga. Rheumatol Int. 2018 Aokuso; 38: 1413-1428. Epub 2018 Jun 11. Toe iloiloga. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  10. Ogata T, Ideno Y, Akai M, et al. Aʻafiaga o le glucosamine i tagata mamaʻi ma le osteoarthritis o le tulivae: o se faʻavasega iloiloga ma meta-auiliiliga. Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Sep; 37: 2479-2487. Epub 2018 Ape 30.
  11. Pyo JS, Cho WJ. Iloiloga faʻasolosolo ma Meta-Suʻesuʻega o Intravesical Hyaluronic Acid ma Hyaluronic Acid / Chondroitin Sulfate Faʻatumuina mo Interstitial Cystitis / Painia Bladder Syndrome. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2016; 39: 1618-25. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  12. Lopez HL, Ziegenfuss TN, Park J. Iloiloina o Aʻafiaga o le BioCell Collagen, o se Novel Cartilage Extract, i luga o Fesoʻotaʻiga Tissue Support ma Faʻagaioiga Toe Faaleleia Mai Faʻamalosi tino. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2015; 14: 30-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  13. Pérez-Balbuena AL, Ochoa-Tabares JC, Belalcazar-Rey S, et al. Le aoga o le tuʻufaʻatasia o 0.09% xanthan gum / 0.1% chondroitin sulfate preservative e leai se totogi vs polyethylene glycol / propylene glycol i mataupu e iai faʻamaʻi mata, o se multicenter faʻasolosolo faʻataʻitaʻia le faʻataʻitaʻiga. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016 Sep; 16: 164.Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  14. Zeng C, Wei J, Li H, et al. Le aoga ma le saogalemu ole Glucosamine, chondroitin, o mea e lua e tuʻufaʻatasia, poʻo le celecoxib ile togafitiga ole osteoarthritis ole tulivae. Sci Rep. 2015; 5: 16827. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  15. Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Sánchez-Pernaute O, et al. Togafitiga tuʻufaʻatasia ma Chondroitin Sulphate ma le Glucosamine Sulphate e le faʻaalia se sili atu I luga o le Placebo mo le faʻaititia o soʻoga tiga ma le lelei faʻafitauli i tagata mamaʻi ma le tulivae Osteoarthritis: O le ono-masina Multicenter, Randomized, Faʻalua-Tauaso, Placebo-Faʻatonutonu togafitiga faʻafomaʻi. Gugu Rheumatol. 2017; 69: 77-85. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  16. Pelletier JP, Raynauld JP, Beaulieu AD, et al. Chondroitin sulfate aoga faʻatasi ma le celecoxib luga o tulivae osteoarthritis suiga o faʻavae e faʻaaogaina ai le faʻataʻitaʻiga o le maneta resonance: o le 2-tausaga multicentre suʻesuʻe suʻesuʻega. Vailautusi Res Ther. 2016; 18: 256. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  17. Singh JA, Noorbaloochi S, MacDonald R, Maxwell LJ. Chondroitin mo le osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jan 28; 1: CD005614. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  18. Bruyère O, Cooper C, Pelletier JP, et al. O se maliega autasi i luga o le Europa Sosaiete mo togafitiga ma tamaoaiga vaega o Osteoporosis ma Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) algorithm mo le puleaina o tulivae osteoarthritis-Mai molimau faʻavae faʻavae i le moni-olaga faʻatulagaina. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016; 45 (4 Faʻaopoopoga): S3-11. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  19. Reginster JY, Dudler J, Blicharski T, Pavelka K.Faʻafomai vailaʻau Chondroitin sulfate e aoga tele pei o le celecoxib ma sili atu i le placebo i faʻailoga tulivae osteoarthritis: le ChONdroitin versus CElecoxib versus Placebo Trial (CONCEPT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Me 22. pii: annrheumdis-2016-210860. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  20. Volpi N. Tulaga lelei o eseese chondroitin sulfate sauniuniga e tusa ma a latou togafitiga togafitiga. Le J Pharm Pharmacol 2009; 61: 1271-80. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  21. Lauder RM. Chondroitin sulphate: o se mole mole ma mea e ono aʻafia i le tele o ituaiga mea faʻanatura. Faʻafouina Ther Med 2009; 17: 56-62. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  22. Barnhill JG, Fye CL, Williams DW, Reda DJ, Harris CL, Clegg DO. Filifiliga o oloa Chondroitin mo le faʻataʻitaʻiga ole faʻavave o le gisaososa / chondroitin J Am Pharm Assoc 2006; 46: 14-24. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  23. Zegels B, Crozes P, Uebelhart D, Bruyère O, Reginster JY. Tulaga tutusa o le tasi fualaʻau (1200 mg) faʻatusatusa i le tolu-taimi i le aso tui (400 mg) o chondroitin 4 & 6 sulfate i tagata mamaʻi ma tulivae osteoarthritis. Faʻaiuga o le faʻaluaina faʻalua faʻalua faʻailoga placebo faʻatautaia faʻatonutonu. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21: 22-7. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  24. Vigan M. Allergic contact dermatitis e mafua mai i le sodium chondroitin sulfate o loʻo i totonu o le kulimi kulimi. Faʻafesoʻotaʻi le Dermatitis 2014; 70: 383-4. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  25. Torella M, Schettino MT, Salvatore S, Serati M, De Franciscis P, Colacurci N. Intravesical togafitiga i cystitis faifai pea: o le tele-ogatotonu poto masani. J Infect Chemother 2013; 19: 920-5. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  26. Schneider H, Maheu E, Cucherat M. Faʻaaliga-suia fesuiaiga o le chondroitin sulfate i tulivae osteoarthritis: o se meta-auiliiliga o faʻasolosolo placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga faia ma strum (®). Tatala Rheumatol J. 2012; 6: 183-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  27. Palmieri B, Merighi A. reflux Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17: 3272-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  28. Llamas-Moreno JF, Baiza-Durán LM, Saucedo-Rodríguez LR, Alaníz-De la O JF. Malosiaga ma le saogalemu o chondroitin sulfate / xanthan gum versus polyethylene glycol / propylene glycol / hydroxypropyl guar i tagata mamaʻi ma mata matutu. Clin Ophthalmol 2013; 7: 995-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  29. De Vita D, Antell H, Giordano S. Le aoga o intravesical hyaluronic acid ma poʻo aunoa ma le chondroitin sulfate mo cystitis siama toe faia i fafine matutua: o se meta-auiliiliga. Int Urogynecol J 2013; 24: 545-52. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  30. Greenlee H, Crew KD, Shao T, Kranwinkel G, Kalinsky K, Maurer M, Brafman L, Insel B, Tsai WY, Hershman DL. Vaega II suʻesuʻega o le glucosamine ma le chondroitin i le aromatase taofiofia-fesoʻotaʻi faʻatasi faʻailoga i fafine e maua i le kanesa o le susu. Lagolago Kanesa Kanesa 2013; 21: 1077-87. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  31. Fransen M, Agaliotis M, Nairn L, Votrubec M, Bridgett L, Su S, Jan S, March L, Edmonds J, Norton R, Woodward M, Day R; LEGS suesue kulupu galulue faʻatasi. Glucosamine ma chondroitin mo tulivae osteoarthritis: o le faʻalua-tauaso faʻasolosolo placebo-pulea falemaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi iloiloina nofofua ma tuʻufaʻatasia tulafono. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74: 851-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  32. Provenza JR, Shinjo SK, Silva JM, Peron CR, Rocha FA. Tuufaatasi le glucosamine ma le chondroitin sulfate, tasi pe tolu taimi i aso uma, e maua ai le vailaʻau talafeagai ile mafaufau ile tulivae osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 34: 1455-62.
  33. von Felden J, Montani M, Kessebohm K, Stickel F. Fualaʻau-faʻatupuina se lavea ogaoga o le ate mimicking autoimmune hepatitis ina ua maeʻa taumafa o meaʻai faʻaopopo o loʻo iai le glucosamine ma le chondroitin sulfate. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 51: 219-23. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  34. Hochberg MC, Martel-Pelletier J, Monfort J, Möller I, Castillo JR, Arden N, Berenbaum F, Blanco FJ, Conaghan PG, Doménech G, Henrotin Y, Pap T, Richette P, Sawitzke A, du Souich P, Pelletier JP ; e fai ma sui o le MOVES Investigation Group. Tuufaatasi chondroitin sulfate ma glucosamine mo tiga tulivae osteoarthritis: a multicentre, randomized, lua-tauaso, leai-maualalo tofotofoga faasaga i le celecoxib. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75: 37-44. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  35. Cerda C, Bruguera M, Parés A. Hepatotoxicity e fesoʻotaʻi ma le glucosamine ma le chondroitin sulfate i tagata mamaʻi ma le maʻi o le ate. Lalolagi J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 5381-4. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  36. Bray HG, Gregory JE, Stacey M. Vailaʻau o Pusa. 1. Chondroitin mai le cartilage. Biochem J 1944; 38: 142-146.
  37. FDA. Faʻamaonia Premarket (PMA). Avanoa i le: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpma/pma.cfm?id=20196.
  38. Ua faʻatagaina e le FDA le faʻamaonia muamua mo Viscoat. Tulaga Faʻapitoa mo le Saogalemuina Biomed 1986; 16: 82.
  39. Blotman F ma Loyau G. Fomaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi ma le chondroitin sulfate i le gonarthrosis [abstract]. Osteoarthritis Cart 1993; 1 68.
  40. Adebowale AO, Cox DS Liang Z Eddington ND. Suʻesuʻega o le kulukoseamine ma le chondroitin sulfate mea i oloa faʻatau atu ma le caco-2 feololo o le chondroitin sulfate mea mata. J Am Nutraceutical Assoc. 2000; 3: 37-44.
  41. Pavelka ma et al. Faʻalua-tauaso, tofoina suʻesuʻega aafiaga o gutu cs 4 & 6 1200mg, 800mg, 200mg faasaga i placebo i le togafitiga o femorotibial osteoarthritis. Wular Rheumatol Liter 1998; 27 (supa 2): 63.
  42. L’Hirondel JL. [Togafitiga faʻalua tauaso suʻesuʻega ma faʻaaogaina gutu o chondroitin sulfate vs. placebo mo togafitiga o le tibio femoral gonarthrosis i 125 tagata mamaʻi]. Litera Rheumatologica 1992; 14: 77-84.
  43. Fleisch, AM, Merlin C, Imhoff A, ma isi al. O le tasi tausaga faʻasolosolo, faalua-tauaso, placebo-pulea faʻatonutonu ma gutu chondroitin sulfate i tagata mamaʻi ma tuli osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis ma Cartilage 1997; 5: 70.
  44. Uebelhart D ma Chantraine A. Efficacite clinique du sulfate de chondroitine dans la gonarthrose: Etude randomisee en lua-insu versus placebo [abstract]. Rev.Rhumatisme 1994; 10: 692.
  45. Verbruggen, G., Goemaere, S., ma Veys, E. M. Chondroitin sulfate: S / DMOAD (fausaga / faamaʻi suia fofo anti-osteoarthritis) i le togafitiga o tamatamailima soʻoga OA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6 Faʻaopopo A: 37-38. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  46. Nakazawa, K., Murata, K., Izuka, K., ma Oshima, Y. O ni aafiaga pupuu mai le chondroitin sulfates A ma le C i mataupu o le atherosclerotic coronary: E tusa ai ma ana gaoioiga teteʻe i le thrombogenic. Jpn. Loto J 1969; 10: 289-296. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  47. Nakazawa, K. ma Murata, K. Faʻatusatusaga suʻesuʻega o aʻafiaga o chondroitin sulfate isomers i mataupu atherosclerotic. ZFA 1979; 34: 153-159. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  48. Thilo, G. [O se suʻesuʻega o 35 mataupu o le arthrosis na togafitia ma le chondrotiine sulfuric acid (tusitala a le tusitala)]. Schweizerische Rundschau fulufulu Medizin Praxis 12-27-1977; 66: 1696-1699. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  49. Embriano, P. J. Postoperative pressure i le maeʻa ai o le phacoemulsification: sodium hyaluronate vs. sodium chondroitin sulfate-sodium hyaluronate. Ann.Ophthalmol. 1989; 21: 85-88, 90. Seʻi vaʻaia.
  50. Railhac, JJ, Zaim, M., Saurel, AS, Vial, J., ma Fournie, B. Aʻafiaga o le 12 masina togafitiga ma le chondroitin sulfate i luga o le cartilage volume i tulivae osteoarthritis tagata mamaʻi: o se faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, placebo-pulea pailate Suesue faʻaaogaina MRI. Fomaʻi: Rheumatol. 2012; 31: 1347-1357. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  51. De, Vita D. ma Giordano, S. Le aoga o intravesical hyaluronic acid / chondroitin sulfate i le toe faia o siama siama: o se suesuega e leʻi fuafuaina. Int.Urogynecol.J. 2012; 23: 1707-1713. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  52. Nickel, JC, Hanno, P., Kumar, K., ma Thomas, H. Second multicenter, randomized, double-blind, tutusa-kulupu iloiloga o le aoga ma le saogalemu o intravesical sodium chondroitin sulfate pe a faatusatusa i le le minoi taʻavale taofi i mataupu ma interstitial cystitis / manava tiga syndrome. Urology 2012; 79: 1220-1224. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  53. Yue, J., Yang, M., Yi, S., Dong, B., Li, W., Yang, Z., Lu, J., Zhang, R., ma Yong, J. Chondroitin sulfate ma / pe glucosamine hydrochloride mo Kashin-Beck faamaʻi: o se fuifui-faʻasolosolo, placebo-pulea suesuega. Osteoarthritis. 2012; 20: 622-629. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  54. Kanzaki, N., Saito, K., Maeda, A., Kitagawa, Y., Kiso, Y., Watanabe, K., Tomonaga, A., Nagaoka, I., ma Yamaguchi, H. Aafiaga o se supa o meaʻai o loʻo iai le glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate ma le quercetin glycosides i luga ole faʻailoga ole tulivae osteoarthritis: ose faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, faʻataʻitaʻiga ole placebo. J.Sci.Faʻai Agric. 3-15-2012; 92: 862-869. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  55. Wildi, LM, Raynauld, JP, Martel-Pelletier, J., Beaulieu, A., Bessette, L., Morin, F., Abram, F., Dorais, M., ma Pelletier, JP Chondroitin sulphate faʻaititia uma cartilage tusi leiloa ma ponaivi ponaivi i tulivae osteoarthritis tagata mamaʻi amata i le amataga o le 6 masina talu ona amataina togafitiga: o se randomized, faalua-tauaso, placebo-pulea pailate suʻesuʻega faʻaaogaina le MRI. Ann.Rheum.Dis. 2011; 70: 982-989. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  56. Damiano, R., Quarto, G., Bava, I., Ucciero, G., De, Domenico R., Palumbo, MI, ma Autorino, R. Puipuiga o faʻamaʻi pipisi lava o urinary tract e ala i le faʻatonuina o le hyaluronic acid ma le chondroitin sulphate. : o se placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻia le faʻataʻitaʻiina. Eur.Urol 2011; 59: 645-651. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  57. Zhou, Q., Chen, H., Qu, M., Wang, Q., Yang, L., ma Xie, L. Atinaʻeina o se novel ex vivo model of corneal fungal adherence. Graefes Arch.Clin.Exp.Ophthalmol. 2011; 249: 693-700. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  58. Liesegang, T. J. Viscoelastic mea i ophthalmology. Surv.Ophthalmol. 1990; 34: 268-293. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  59. Furer, V., Wieczorek, R. L., ma Pillinger, M. H. Bilateral pinna chondritis na muamua i ai le glucosamine chondroitin supplement amataina. Scand.J.Rheumatol. 2011; 40: 241-243. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  60. Chen, W. C., Yao, C. L., Chu, I. M., ma Wei, Y. H. Faʻatusatusa aʻafiaga o le chondrogenesis e le aganuʻu o tagata mesenchymal stem cells ma ituaiga eseese o le chondroitin sulfate C.J.Biosci.Bioeng. 2011; 111: 226-231. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  61. Kato, D., Era, S., Watanabe, I., Arihara, M., Sugiura, N., Kimata, K., Suzuki, Y., Morita, K., Hidari, KI, ma Suzuki, T. Antiviral gaioiga ole chondroitin sulphate E faʻatatau i le dengue siama teutusi polotini. Antiviral Res. 2010; 88: 236-243. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  62. Wandel, S., Juni, P., Tendal, B., Nuesch, E., Villiger, PM, Welton, NJ, Reichenbach, S., ma Trelle, S. Aafiaga o le glucosamine, chondroitin, poʻo le placebo i tagata mamaʻi ma le osteoarthritis o suilapalapa poʻo tulivae: fesootaiga meta-auiliiliga. BMJ 2010; 341: c4675. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  63. Rentsch, C., Rentsch, B., Breier, A., Spekl, K., Jung, R., Manthey, S., Scharnweber, D., Zwipp, H., ma Biewener, A. Long-ponio faitioga- lapopoʻa faaletonu togafiti ma tino-inisinia polycaprolactone-co-lactide scaffolds: o se pailate suesue i isumu. J.Biomed.Mater.Res.A 12-1-2010; 95: 964-972. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  64. Im, A. R., Park, Y., ma Kim, Y. S. Tuʻua ma faʻamalamalamaina o chondroitin sulfates mai le stabilgeon (Acipenser sinensis) ma o latou aafiaga i le tuputupu aʻe o fibroblasts. Biol. Faʻafetai. 2010; 33: 1268-1273. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  65. Sawitzke, AD, Shi, H., Finco, MF, Dunlop, DD, Harris, CL, Singer, NG, Bradley, JD, Silver, D., Jackson, CG, Lane, NE, Oddis, CV, Wolfe, F. , Lisse, J., Furst, DE, Bingham, CO, Reda, DJ, Moskowitz, RW, Williams, HJ, ma Clegg, DO Togafitiga faʻafomaʻi ma le saogalemu o le glucosamine, chondroitin sulphate, latou tuʻufaʻatasia, celecoxib poʻo placebo aveina e togafitia ai osteoarthritis ole tulivae: 2-tausaga iʻuga mai GAIT. Ann.Rheum.Dis. 2010; 69: 1459-1464. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  66. Nickel, JC, Egerdie, RB, Steinhoff, G., Palmer, B., ma Hanno, P. O se multicenter, randomized, lua-blind, tutusa vaega pailate iloiloina o le aoga ma le saogalemu o intravesical sodium chondroitin sulfate faʻatasi ai ma le faʻatonutonuina o taʻavale i tagata mamaʻi e maua i le interstitial cystitis / tiga o le supa i totonu. Urology 2010; 76: 804-809. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  67. Moller, I., Perez, M., Monfort, J., Benito, P., Cuevas, J., Perna, C., Domenech, G., Herrero, M., Montell, E., ma Verges, J. Le aoga o le chondroitin sulphate i tagata mamaʻi e oʻo mai le tulivae osteoarthritis ma le psoriasis: ose faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, suʻesuʻega ole placebo. Osteoarthritis. 2010; 18 Faʻaopopo 1: S32-S40. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  68. Egea, J., Garcia, A. G., Verges, J., Montell, E., ma Lopez, M. G. Antioxidant, antiinflam inflammatory ma neuroprotective gaioiga o chondroitin sulfate ma proteoglycans. Osteoarthritis. 2010; 18 Faʻaopopo 1: S24-S27. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  69. Hochberg, M. C. Faʻavae-fesuiaʻiga o aʻafiaga o le chondroitin sulfate i tulivae osteoarthritis: o se faʻafouga meta-auiliiliga o faʻasolosolo placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga o le 2-tausaga umi. Osteoarthritis. 2010; 18 Faʻaopopo 1: S28-S31. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  70. Imada, K., Oka, H., Kawasaki, D., Miura, N., Sato, T., ma Ito, A. Aneti-arthritic gaioiga gaioiga o natural chondroitin sulfate i tagata articular chondrocytes ma synovial fibroblasts. Biol.Pharm Bull. 2010; 33: 410-414. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  71. Pavelka, K., Coste, P., Geher, P., ma Krejci, G. Malosiaga ma le saogalemu o le piascledine 300 faasaga i le chondroitin sulfate i le 6 masina togafitiga faʻatasi ai ma le 2 masina vaʻaia i tagata mamaʻi ma le osteoarthritis o le tulivae. Fomaʻi: Rheumatol. 2010; 29: 659-670. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  72. Tat, S. K., Pelletier, J. P., Mineau, F., Duval, N., ma Martel-Pelletier, J. Variable effects o 3 eseese chondroitin sulfate compound i luga o tagata osteoarthritic cartilage / chondrocytes: talafeagai o le mama ma gaosiga gaioiga. J.Rheumatol. 2010; 37: 656-664. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  73. Lane, S. S., Naylor, D. W., Kullerstrand, L. J., Knauth, K., ma Lindstrom, R. L. Fuafuaina faʻatusatusaga o aʻafiaga o le Occucoat, Viscoat, ma Healon i luga ole faʻatosina ole totoga male endothelial sela leiloa. J Cataract Refract.Surg. 1991; 17: 21-26. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  74. Jackson, CG, Plaas, AH, Sandy, JD, Hua, C., Kim-Rolands, S., Barnhill, JG, Harris, CL, ma Clegg, DO O tagata soifua maloloina o le fofogaina o le fofogaina o le glucosamine ma le chondroitin sulfate na aveese pe i le tuʻufaʻatasia. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18: 297-302. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  75. Black, C., Clar, C., Henderson, R., MacEachern, C., McNamee, P., Quayyum, Z., Royle, P., ma Thomas, S. O le aoga aoga o glucosamine ma chondroitin faʻaopopoga i lemu poʻo le pueina alualu i luma o osteoarthritis o le tulivae: o se iloiloga faʻavasega ma iloiloga tamaoaiga. Health Technol. Fesoasoani. 2009; 13: 1-148. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  76. Sasisekharan, R. ma Shriver, Z. Mai faʻalavelave i avanoa: o se vaaiga i luga o le heparin faʻafitauli. Luga.Haemost. 2009; 102: 854-858. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  77. Crowley, DC, Lau, FC, Sharma, P., Evans, M., Guthrie, N., Bagchi, M., Bagchi, D., Dey, DK, ma Raychaudhuri, SP Saogalēmū ma le aoga o collagen ituaiga II e leʻi faʻaalia i le togafitiga ole osteoarthritis o le tulivae: o se falemaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi. Int.J.Med.Sci. 2009; 6: 312-321. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  78. Rainsford, K. D. Taua o vailaʻau vailaʻau ma faʻamaoniga mai falemaʻi tofotofoga ma falemaʻi falemaʻi i le fuafuaina lelei o chondroitin sulphate ma isi glycosaminoglycans: o se faitioga. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 2009; 61: 1263-1270. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  79. Hauser, P. J., Buethe, D. A., Califano, J., Sofinowski, T. M., Culkin, D.J, ma Hurst, R. E. Toe faʻaleleia o le pa pupuni i le acid faʻatamaia tagāvai e intravesical chondroitin sulfate. J.Urol. 2009; 182: 2477-2482. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  80. Kubo, M., Ando, ​​K., Mimura, T., Matsusue, Y., ma Mori, K. Chondroitin sulfate mo le togafitia o suilapalapa ma tulivae osteoarthritis: tulaga o loʻo i ai nei ma aga masani i le lumanaʻi. Olaga Sci. 9-23-2009; 85 (13-14): 477-483. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  81. Lee, Y. H., Woo, J. H., Choi, S. J., Ji, J. D., ma Song, G. G. Aafiaga o le glucosamine po o le chondroitin sulfate i luga o le osteoarthritis alualu i luma: o se meta-auiliiliga Rheumatol Int 2010; 30: 357-363. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  82. du Souich, P., Garcia, A. G., Verges, J., ma Montell, E. Immunomodulatory ma anti-inflammatory aafiaga o le chondroitin sulphate. J.Cell Mol.Med. 2009; 13 (8A): 1451-1463. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  83. Fthenou, E., Zong, F., Zafiropoulos, A., Dobra, K., Hjerpe, A., ma Tzanakakis, G. N. Chondroitin sulfate A e faʻatonutonuina fibrosarcoma sela adhesion, gaioiga ma femalagaiga e ala i JNK ma tyrosine kinase faʻailoga ala. I le Vivo 2009; 23: 69-76. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  84. Bhattacharyya, S., Solakyildirim, K., Zhang, Z., Chen, ML, Linhardt, RJ, ma Tobacman, JK Cell-fusifusia IL-8 faʻateleina i bronchial epithelial sela ina ua maeʻa arylsulfatase B faʻalilolilo ona o le faʻasologa ma chondroitin-4- sulfate Am.J.Respir.Cell Mol.Biol. 2010; 42: 51-61. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  85. Schulz, A., Vestweber, A. M., ma Dressler, D. [Aneti-afaina gaioiga o le hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate sauniuniga i se in vitro tagāmimi faʻataʻitaʻi. Aktuelle Urol. 2009; 40: 109-112. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  86. David-Raoudi, M., Deschrevel, B., Leclercq, S., Galera, P., Boumediene, K., ma Pujol, JP Chondroitin sulfate faʻateleina hyaluronan gaosia e tagata synoviocytes e ala i le faʻatulafonoina eseesega o hyaluronan synthases: Matafaioi o p38 ma Akt. Gugu i le gugu. 2009; 60: 760-770. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  87. Matsuno, H., Nakamura, H., Katayama, K., Hayashi, S., Kano, S., Yudoh, K., ma Kiso, Y. Aafiaga o le tautala tuʻuina atu o le glucosamine-chondroitin-quercetin glucoside luga o le synovial suavai meatotino i tagata mamaʻi ma osteoarthritis ma rheumatoid gugu. Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem. 2009; 73: 288-292. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  88. Kahan, A., Uebelhart, D., De, Vathaire F., Delmas, P.D., ma Reginster, J. Y. Taunuuga umi o chondroitins 4 ma le 6 sulfate i tulivae osteoarthritis: o le suʻesuʻega i le osteoarthritis alualu i luma alualu i luma, o le lua-tausaga, faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga. Gugu i le gugu. 2009; 60: 524-533. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  89. Rovetta, G. Galactosaminoglycuronoglycan sulfate (matrix) i togafitiga o tibiofibular osteoarthritis o le tulivae. Fualaʻau Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 53-57. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  90. Oliviero, U., Sorrentino, GP, De Paola, P., Tranfaglia, E., DʻAlessandro, A., Carifi, S., Porfido, FA, Cerio, R., Grasso, AM, Policicchio, D., ma. Aʻafiaga o togafitiga ma matrix i luga o tagata matutua ma le tumau articular degeneration. Fualaʻau Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 45-51. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  91. Bruyere, O., Burlet, N., Delmas, P. D., Rizzoli, R., Cooper, C., ma Reginster, J. Y. Suʻesuʻega o faʻasolosolo malie fualaʻau i le osteoarthritis faʻaaogaina le GRADE system. BMC.Musculoskelet.Disord. 2008; 9: 165. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  92. Theoharides, T. C., Kempuraj, D., Vakali, S., ma Sant, G. R. Togafitiga o refactory interstitial cystitis / tiga tagāmimi syndrome ma CystoProtek - o se gutu tele-sooupu faʻaopoopoga natura. Can J Urol 2008; 15: 4410-4414. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  93. Hochberg, M. C., Zhan, M., ma Langenberg, P. Le fua faatatau o le paʻu o le lautele avanoa avanoa i tagata mamaʻi ma le osteoarthritis o le tulivae: o se faʻavasega iloiloga ma meta-suʻesuʻega o le faʻasolosoloina placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga o chondroitin sulfate. Curr.Med.Res.Opin. 2008; 24: 3029-3035. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  94. Sawitzke, AD, Shi, H., Finco, MF, Dunlop, DD, Bingham, CO, III, Harris, CL, Singer, NG, Bradley, JD, Silver, D., Jackson, CG, Lane, NE, Oddis, CV, Wolfe, F., Lisse, J., Furst, DE, Reda, DJ, Moskowitz, RW, Williams, HJ, ma Clegg, DO O le aafiaga o le glucosamine ma / poʻo le chondroitin sulfate i le alualu i luma o tulivae osteoarthritis: o se lipoti mai le faʻavavega ole faʻavavega ole kulukoseamine / chondroitin Gugu i le gugu. 2008; 58: 3183-3191. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  95. Nickel, JC, Egerdie, B., Downey, J., Singh, R., Skehan, A., Carr, L., ma Irvine-Bird, K. O se olaga moni multicentre falemaʻi suesue suʻesuʻega e iloilo ai le aoga ma le saogalemu o intravesical chondroitin sulphate mo le togafitiga o interstitial cystitis. BJU.Int. 2009; 103: 56-60. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  96. Nordling, J. ma van, Ophoven A. Intravesical glycosaminoglycan toe faʻatumuina i le chondroitin sulphate i ituaiga masani o cystitis. O le tele-atunuʻu, tele-ogatotonu, ono mataʻituina falemaʻi falemaʻi. Arzneimittelforschung. 2008; 58: 328-335. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  97. Theocharis, D. A., Skandalis, S. S., Noulas, A. V., Papageorgakopoulou, N., Theocharis, A. D., ma Karamanos, N. K. Hyaluronan ma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans i le supramolecular faʻalapotopotoga o le mammalian vitreous tino. Faʻafesoʻotaʻi. 2008; 49: 124-128. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  98. Fosang, A. J. ma Little, C. B. Vaʻaia malamalama: aggrecanases o togafitiga faʻatulagaina mo osteoarthritis. Nat.Clin.Pract.Rheumatol. 2008; 4: 420-427. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  99. Praveen, M. R., Koul, A., Vasavada, A. R., Pandita, D., Dixit, N. V., ma Dahodwala, F. F. DisCoVisc faʻatusatusa i le soft-shell technique e faʻaaogaina ai Viscoat ma Provisc i le phacoemulsification: faʻataʻitaʻiina faʻataʻitaʻi falemaʻi. J.Cataract Refract.Surg. 2008; 34: 1145-1151. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  100. Dudics, V., Kunstar, A., Kovacs, J., Lakatos, T., Geher, P., Gomor, B., Monostori, E., ma Uher, F. Chondrogenic gafatia o mesenchymal stem cells mai tagata mamaʻi ma le rheumatoid gugu ma osteoarthritis: fua i se microcultur faiga. Selesele Tissues.Organs 2009; 189: 307-316. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  101. Porru, D., Cervigni, M., Nasta, L., Natale, F., Lo, Voi R., Tinelli, C., Gardella, B., Anghileri, A., Spinillo, A., ma Rovereto, B Faʻaiuga o le endotrical hyaluronic acid / chondroitin sulfate i le togafitia o Interstitial Cystitis / Painful Bladder Syndrome. Rev.Recent Clin.Trials 2008; 3: 126-129. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  102. Cervigni, M., Natale, F., Nasta, L., Padoa, A., Voi, R. L., ma Porru, D. O se tuʻufaʻatasia intravesical togafitiga ma hyaluronic acid ma chondroitin mo refactory tiga tagāmimi syndrome / interstitial cystitis. Int.Urogynecol.J.Pelvic.Floor.Dysfunct. 2008; 19: 943-947. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  103. Zhang, W., Moskowitz, RW, Nuki, G., Abramson, S., Altman, RD, Arden, N., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Brandt, KD, Croft, P., Doherty, M., Dougados , M., Hochberg, M., Hunter, DJ, Kwoh, K., Lohmander, LS, ma Tugwell, P. OARSI fautuaga mo le puleaina o suilapalapa ma tulivae osteoarthritis, Vaega II: OARSI molimau-faʻavae, tagata tomai faapitoa malilie faʻatasi. Osteoarthritis. 2008; 16: 137-162. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  104. Rainer, G., Stifter, E., Luksch, A., ma Menapace, R. Faʻatusatusaga o le aʻafiaga o Viscoat ma DuoVisc i luga o le faʻatonutonuga o le intraocular postoperative i le maeʻa ai o le taotoga laʻititi o le cataract. J.Cataract Refract.Surg. 2008; 34: 253-257. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  105. Laroche, L., Arrata, M., Brasseur, G., Lagoutte, F., Le Mer, Y., Lumbroso, P., Mercante, M., Normand, F., Rigal, D., Roncin, S. , ma. [Togafitiga o mata matutu syndrome ma lacrimal gel: o se randomized multicenter suesuega]. J Fr.Ophtalmol. 1991; 14: 321-326. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  106. Conte, A., de Bernardi, M., Palmieri, L., Lualdi, P., Mautone, G., ma Ronca, G. Metabolic taunuuga o le exogenous chondroitin sulfate i le tagata. Arzneimittelforschung. 1991; 41: 768-772. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  107. Bana, G., Jamard, B., Verrouil, E., ma Mazieres, B. Chondroitin sulfate i le puleaina o suilapalapa ma tulivae osteoarthritis: o se vaaiga aoao. Adv.Pharmacol. 2006; 53: 507-522. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  108. Mazieres, B., Hucher, M., Zaim, M., ma Garnero, P. Aafiaga o le chondroitin sulphate i le faailoga osteoarthritis tulivae: o le multicentre, randomized, faalua-tauaso, placebo-pulea suesuega. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 639-645. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  109. Braun, W. A., Flynn, M. G., Armstrong, W. J., ma Jacks, D. D. O aʻafiaga o le chondroitin sulfate supplementation i luga o faʻamatalaga o maso ua faʻaleagaina na mafua mai i le eccentric arm faʻamalositino. J.Sports Med.Phys.F molimau 2005; 45: 553-560. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  110. Michel, BA, Stucki, G., Frey, D., De, Vathaire F., Vignon, E., Bruehlmann, P., ma Uebelhart, D. Chondroitins 4 ma le 6 sulfate i le osteoarthritis o le tulivae: a randomized, pulea faamasinoga. Gugu i le gugu. 2005; 52: 779-786. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  111. Rovetta, G., Monteforte, P., Molfetta, G., ma Balestra, V. O le lua-tausaga suʻesuʻega o le chondroitin sulfate i le osteoarthritis erosive o lima: amioga o 'aʻafia, osteophytes, tiga ma le faaletonu o lima. Fualaʻau Exp Clin Clin 2004; 30: 11-16. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  112. Mathieu, P. [Radiological alualu i luma o totonu femoro-tibial osteoarthritis i gonarthrosis. Aafiaga puipuia-puipuia o chondroitin sulfates ACS4-ACS6]. Presse Med 9-14-2002; 31: 1386-1390. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  113. Volpi, N. Oral bioavailability of chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) ma ona mea faʻavae i tama soifua maloloina volenitia. Osteoarthritis. 2002; 10: 768-777. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  114. Rovetta, G., Monteforte, P., Molfetta, G., ma Balestra, V. Chondroitin sulfate i le osteoarthritis erosive o lima. Int J Tissue Tali. 2002; 24: 29-32. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  115. Steinhoff, G., Ittah, B., ma Rowan, S. O le aoga o le chondroitin sulfate 0.2% i le togafitia o le cystitis interstitial. Can J Urol 2002; 9: 1454-1458. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  116. O'Rourke, M. Fuafuaina le aoga o le glucosamine ma le chondroitin mo le osteoarthritis. Tausisoifua Faʻataʻitaʻi 2001; 26: 44-52. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  117. [Aoga aoga o Chondrosulf 400 i tiga ma articular gaioiga i le arthrosis: a meta-auiliiliga]. Presse Med 2000; 29 (27 Suppl): 19-20. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  118. [European multicenter suʻesuʻega i luga o le aoga o chondroitin sulfate i gonarthrosis: o se fou vaʻaiga i biochemical ma radiologic iʻuga]. Presse Med 2000; 29 (27 Suppl): 15-18. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  119. Alekseeva, L. I., Benevolenskaia, L. I., Nasonov, E. L., Chichasova, N. V., ma Kariakin, A. N. [Structum (chondroitin sulfate) - o se sooupu fou mo le togafitiga o osteoarthrosis]. Ter.Arkh. 1999; 71: 51-53. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  120. Schwartz SR, Park J. Faʻatagaina o le BioCell Collagen, o se tala hydrolyzed moa sternal cartilage otoʻoto; faʻamalosia le toto microcirculation ma faʻaititia le faʻafetauiina o faʻailoga tuai. Togafitiga Interv Matutua. 2012; 7: 267-273. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  121. Schauss AG, Stenehjem J, Park J, Endres JR, Clewell A. Aafiaga o le tala maualalo molemele mamafa hydrolyzed moa sternal cartilage otoʻoto, BioCell Collagen, i le faʻaleleia atili osteoarthritis-fesoʻotaʻi faʻailoga: a randomized, lua-tauaso, placebo-pulea faʻataʻitaʻiga. J Agric Meaʻai Vaila. 2012; 60: 4096-4101. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  122. Kalman DS, Schwartz HI, Pachon J, Sheldon E, Almada AL. O se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻalua paʻia falemaʻi falemaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi iloiloina le saogalemu ma le aoga o hydrolyzed collagen ituaiga II i tagata matutua ma osteoarthritis. FASEB Experimental Biology 2004 Abstract, Washington DC, Aperila 17-21, 2004; A90.
  123. Verges J, Montell E, Herrero M, et al. Faʻaleleia atili o le falemaʻi ma le histopathological i le psoriasis ma le oral chondroitin sulfate: o se sailiga maoaʻe. Dermatol Online J 2005; 11:31. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  124. Burke S, Sugar J, Farber MD. Faʻatusatusaga o aʻafiaga o lua viscoelastic agents, Healon ma Viscoat ile postoperative intraocular pressure ina ua tuia le keratoplasty. Ophthalmic Surg 1990; 21: 821-6. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  125. Zhang YX, Dong W, Liu H, et al. Aʻafiaga o chondroitin sulfate ma glucosamine i tagata matutua tagata mamaʻi ma Kashin-Beck faamaʻi. Clin Rheumatol 2010; 29: 357-62. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  126. Gauruder-Burmester A, Popken G. Faʻaauau i le 24 masina talu ona togafitia le ova o le tagāmimi ma le 0.2% sodium chondroitin sulfate. Aktuelle Urol 2009; 40: 355-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  127. Uebelhart D, Knussel O, Theiler R. Malosiaga ma le gafataulimaina o le gutu avian chondroitin sulfate i tiga tulivae osteoarthritis [abstract]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1999; 129: 1174.
  128. Leeb BF, Petry P, Neumann K. Faʻaiuga o le tele o suʻesuʻega i luga o le chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) faʻaaogaina i le arthrosis o le tamailima, tulivae ma soʻoga soʻoga. Wien Med Wochenschr 1996; 146: 609-14. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  129. Gabay C, Medinger-Sadowski C, Gascon D, et al. Aafiaga faʻailoga o le chondroitin 4 ma le chondroitin 6 sulfate i luga ole lima osteoarthritis: o se faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻafoeina falemaʻi faʻapitoa i se nofoaga e tasi. Togafitiga Rheum 2011; 63: 3383-91. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  130. Yue QY, Strandell J, Myrberg O. O le faʻaaogaina pea o le glucosamine e ono ono aʻafia ai le warfarin. O le Uppsala Monitoring Center. Avanoa i le: www.who-umc.org/graphics/9722.pdf (Avanoa i le 28 Aperila 2008).
  131. Knudsen J, Sokol GH. Fuafua gaioiga ole glucosamine-warfarin e mafua ai le faʻateleina o tulaga faʻatulagaina faʻavaomalo faʻavaomalo: Lipoti o mataupu ma iloiloga o tusitusiga ma MedWatch faʻamaumauga. Pharmacotherapy 2008; 28: 540-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  132. Reichenbach S, Sterchi R, Scherer M, et al. Meta-analysis: chondroitin mo le osteoarthritis o le tulivae poʻo le suilapalapa. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 580-90. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  133. Messier SP, Mihalko S, Loeser RF, et al. Glucosamine / chondroitin tuʻufaʻatasia ma faʻamalositino mo le togafitiga o tulivae osteoarthritis: o se uluaʻi suʻesuʻega. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15: 1256-66. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  134. Kahan A. STOPP (STudy on Osteoarthritis Progression Prevention): o se fou e lua tausaga faʻataʻitaʻiga ma le chondroitin 4 & 6 sulfate (CS). Avanoa i le: www.ibsa-ch.com/eular_2006_amsterdam_vignon-2.pdf (Avanoa i le 25 Aperila 2007).
  135. Huang J, Olivenstein R, Taha R, et al. Faalauteleina proteoglycan deposition i le airway pa o atopic asthmatics. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 725-9. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  136. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Harris CL, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, ma le lua i le tuʻufaʻatasia mo tiga tiga tulivae osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 795-808. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  137. Uebelhart D, Malaise M, Marcolongo R, et al. Togafitiga faʻafuaseʻi o tulivae osteoarthritis ma le gutu chondroitin sulfate: O le tasi le tausaga, faʻasolosolo, faʻalua-tauaso, multicenter suʻesuʻega ma le placebo. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2004; 12: 269-76. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  138. Sakko AJ, Ricciardelli C, Mayne K, et al. Faʻatulagaina o prostate kanesa sela faʻapipiʻiina i matrix e faʻapitoa. Kanesa Res 2003; 63: 4786-91. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  139. Rozenfeld V, Crain JL, Callahan AK. Faʻalauteleina mafai o warfarin aafiaga e glucosamine-chondroitin. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004; 61: 306-307. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  140. Di Caro A, Perola E, Bartolini B, et al. O vaega niniʻi o le galactosaminoglycan sulphates o loʻo faʻapipiʻi i vailaʻau faʻasaina ua taofia ai siama e tolu o loʻo ufitiaina: tagata siama puipuia o le siama ituaiga 1, herpes simplex siama ituaiga 1 ma le tagata cytomegalovirus. Antivir Chem Chemother 1999; 10: 33-8 .. Seʻi vaʻaia.
  141. Danao-Camara T. Aafiaga ono o togafitiga ma le glucosamine ma le chondroitin. Vailaʻau Rheum 2000; 43: 2853. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  142. Cohen M, Wolfe R, Mai T, Lewis D. O se faʻasolosolo, faʻalua tauaso, placebo faʻataʻitaʻia faʻataʻitaʻia se kulimi kulimi o loʻo i ai le glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, ma camphor mo osteoarthritis o le tulivae. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 523-8 .. Seʻi vaʻaia.
  143. Baici A, Horler D, Moser B, et al. Suʻesuʻega o glycosaminoglycans i le serum a tagata pe a uma ona tuʻuina le tautala o le chondroitin sulfate. Rheumatol Int 1992; 12: 81-8 .. Seʻi vaʻaia.
  144. Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. Faʻatinoina ma faʻamalositino aoga o le glucosamine ma le chondroitin i tulivae osteoarthritis: o se maeʻa meta-auiliiliga. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 1514-22. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  145. Henry-Launois B. Suʻesuʻega o le faʻaaogaina o mea tau tupe o Chondrosulf 400 i le taimi nei faʻataʻitaʻi. Vaega o Taualumaga o le Scientific Symposium na faia i le XIth EULAR Symposium: Fou auala i le OA: Chondroitin sulfate (CS 4 & 6) e le naʻo se faʻailoga faʻailoga. Geneva, 1998.
  146. Verbruggen G, Goemaere S, Veys EM. Faiga e iloilo ai le alualu i luma o tamaʻi soʻoga osteoarthritis ma le aʻafiaga o faʻamaʻi suia osteoarthritis vailaʻau. Clin Rheumatol 2002; 21: 231-43. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  147. Tallia AF, Cardone DA. Faʻateleina le Asthma e fesoʻotaʻi ma le faʻaopoopoga ole kulukosamine-chondroitin. J Am Board Fam Pract 2002; 15: 481-4 .. Seʻi vaʻaia.
  148. Ricciardelli C, Quinn DI, Raymond WA, et al. Maualuga maualuga o le peritumoral chondroitin sulfate o ni valoʻaga o le le lelei vavalalata i tagata mamaʻi na togafitia e radical prostatectomy mo vave-tulaga prostate kanesa. Kanesa Res 1999; 59: 2324-8. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  149. Ylisastigui L, Bakri Y, Amzazi S, et al. Soluble glycosaminoglycans Aua le faʻamalosia le RANTES gaioiga antiviral i luga o le siama o muamua macrophages e tagata puipuiga o le siama ituaiga 1. Virology 2000; 278: 412-22. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  150. Adebowale AO, Cox DS, Liang Z, et al. Suʻesuʻega o le kulukoseamine ma le chondroitin sulfate mea i oloa faʻatau atu ma le Caco-2 feololo o le chondroitin sulfate mea mata. IANA 2000; 3: 37-44.
  151. Cao LC, Boeve ER, de Bruijn WC, ma isi. Glycosaminoglycans ma semisynthetic sulfated polysaccharides: o se aotelega o a latou ono ono faʻaaogaina i le togafitia o tagata mamaʻi ma urolithiasis. Urology 1997; 50: 173-83. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  152. Morrison LM. Togafitiga o faamai o le fatu arteriosclerotic ma le chondroitin sulfate-A: lipoti muamua. J Am Geriatr Soc 1968; 16: 779-85. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  153. Morrison LM, Bajwa GS, Alfin-Slater RB, Ershoff BH. Puipuia o vavae lesi e chondroitin sulfate A i le alatoto toto ma aorta o isumu faʻatosina e le hypervitaminosis D, kolisi-aofia ai meaai. Atherosclerosis 1972; 16: 105-18. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  154. Mazieres B, Combe B, Phan Van A, et al. Chondroitin sulfate i le osteoarthritis o le tulivae: o se lumanaʻi, faʻalua tauaso, placebo pulea multicenter falemaʻi suʻesuʻega. J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 173-81. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  155. Das A Jr, Hammad TA. Malosiaga o se tuʻufaʻatasia o FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 maualalo molemala mamafa sodium chondroitin sulfate ma manganese ascorbate i le puleaina o tuli osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2000; 8: 343-50. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  156. Meaʻai ma Meaʻai paleni, Inisetiute o Faʻafomaʻi. Fuaina o Meaʻai mo Meaʻai A, Vitamini K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, ma le Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. Avanoa i le: www.nap.edu/books/0309072794/html/.
  157. Pipitone VR. Chondroprotection ma chondroitin sulfate. Fualaʻau Exp Clin Res 1991; 17: 3-7. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  158. Leffler CT, Philippi AF, Leffler SG, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin, ma le manganese ascorbate mo faʻamaʻi soʻoga faʻalaʻitiiti o le tulivae poʻo le maualalo o tua: o se randomized, lua-tauaso, placebo-pulea pailate suʻesuʻega. Mil Med 1999; 164: 85-91. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  159. Silvestro L, Lanzarotti E, Marchi E, et al. Tagata soifua maloloina vailaʻau o glycosaminoglycans faʻaaogaina deuterium-faʻailogaina ma le faʻaigoaina mea: faʻamaoniga mo gutu taliaina. Semin Thromb Hemost 1994; 20: 281-92. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  160. Conte A, Volpi N, Palmieri L, et al. Biochemical ma pharmacokinetic itu o fofoga togafitiga ma chondroitin sulfate. Arzneimittelforschung 1995; 45: 918-25. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  161. Ronca F, Palmieri L, Panicucci P, et al. Gaioiga ole faʻaleaga ole chondroitin sulfate. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6 Faʻaopopo A: 14-21. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  162. Andermann G, Dietz M. O le aafiaga o le auala o le pulega i luga o le bioavailability o le endogenous macromolecule: chondroitin sulphate (CSA). Eur J Vailaʻau Metab Pharmacokinet 1982; 7: 11-6. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  163. Conte A, de Bernardi M, Palmieri L, et al. Metabolic taunuuga o exogenous chondroitin sulfate i le tagata. Arzneimittelforschung 1991; 41: 768-72. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  164. McAlindon TE, LaValley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. Glucosamine ma chondroitin mo togafitiga o osteoarthritis: o se faʻavasega lelei lelei iloiloga ma meta-auiliiliga. JAMA 2000; 283: 1469-75. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  165. Limberg MB, McCaa C, Kissling GE, Kaufman HE. Faʻaogaina autu o le hyaluronic acid ma le chondroitin sulfate i le togafitia o mata matutu. Am J Ophthalmol 1987; 103: 194-7. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  166. Kelly GS. O le matafaioi a le glucosamine sulfate ma le chondroitin sulfates i le togafitia o le faʻamaʻi o le soʻoga faʻamaʻi. Altern Med Rev 1998; 3: 27-39. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  167. Bucsi L, Poor G. Malosiaga ma le gafataulimaina o le oral chondroitin sulfate o se vailaʻau faifai malie-fai fualaʻau mo osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) i le togafitiga o tulivae osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6 Faʻaopopo A: 31-6. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  168. Bourgeois P, Chales G, Dehais J, et al. Malosiaga ma faʻapalepale i le chondroitin sulfate 1200 mg / aso vs chondroitin sulfate 3 x 400 mg / aso vs placebo. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6: 25-30. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  169. Uebelhart D, Thonar EJ, Delmas PD, et al. Aʻafiaga o le oral chondroitin sulfate i le alualu i luma o tulivae osteoarthritis: o se pailate suesuega. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998; 6: 39-46. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  170. Morrison LM, Enrick N. Coronary fatu faʻamaʻi: faʻaititia o maliu maliu e le chondroitin sulfate A. Angiology 1973; 24: 269-87. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  171. Lewis CJ Tusi e toe faʻamanatu ai ni popolega i le soifua maloloina ma le saogalemu o tagata lautele i fale gaosi oloa poʻo le faʻaulufaleina mai o meaʻai faʻaopopo o loʻo iai ni meaola faʻavaʻa.FDA. Avanoa i le: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html
  172. Leeb BF, Schweitzer H, Montag K, Smolen JS. O se meta-auiliiliga o chondroitin sulfate i le togafitiga o osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 205-11. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  173. Bagasra O, Whittle P, Heins B, Pomerantz RJ. Aneti-tagata puipuia siʻosiʻomaga siama ituaiga 1 gaioiga o sulfated monosaccharides: faʻatusatusa ma sulfated polysaccharides ma isi polyions. J Infect Dis 1991; 164: 1082-90. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  174. Jurkiewicz E, Panse P, Jentsch KD, et al. In vitro anti-HIV-1 gaioiga o chondroitin polysulphate. AIDS 1989; 3: 423-7. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  175. Chavez ML. Glucosamine sulfate ma chondroitin sulfates. Hosp Pharm 1997; 32: 1275-85.
  176. Mazieres B, Loyau G, Menkes CJ, et al. [Chondroitin sulfate i le togafitia o le gonarthrosis ma le coxarthrosis. 5-masina faʻaiuga o le multicenter lua-tauaso faʻatonutonu vaʻaia suʻesuʻega faʻaaogaina placebo]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1992; 59: 466-72. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  177. Conrozier T. [Togafitiga o le anti-arthrosis: aoga ma le faʻapalepale o chondroitin sulfates]. Presse Med 1998; 27: 1862-5. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
  178. Morreale P, Manopulo R, Galati M, et al. Faʻatusatusaga o le anti-inflammatory aoga o chondroitin sulfate ma diclofenac sodium i tagata mamaʻi ma tulivae osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 1996; 23: 1385-91. Vaʻai faʻamatala.
Toe iloiloga - 02/20/2020

Ata Nei

Suʻega a le MRSA

Suʻega a le MRSA

MR A tu mo le methicillin-tetee taphylococcu aureu . O e ituaiga o iama taph. Tele o tagata e maua taph iama ola i luga o latou paʻu pe i o latou i u. O nei iama e ma ani lava e le mafua ai e afaina. ...
Polokalama

Polokalama

O le Purpura o ni lanu viole-lanu lanu ma vaega e tutupu i luga o le paʻu, ma i i i vaega o le mucu , e aofia ai le ufiufi o le gutu.E tupu le Purpura pe a faʻa u u e tamaʻi toto le toto i lalo ole pa...