Maʻa fatugaʻo

O se maʻa fatugaʻo o se mautu faʻaputuga faia aʻe o tamaʻi tioata. Tasi pe sili atu maa e mafai ona i ai i le fatugaʻo poʻo ureter i le taimi e tasi.

O maʻa fatugaʻo e taatele. Nisi ituaiga tamoʻe i totonu o aiga. E masani ona tutupu i pepe laiti.

E i ai ituaiga eseese o fatugaʻo maʻa. O le mafuaʻaga o le faʻafitauli e faʻamoemoe i le ituaiga maʻa.

E mafai ona fausia maʻa pe a iai i le miaga le tele o mea mautinoa e fai ma tioata. O nei tioata e mafai ona tupu aʻe maʻa i ni vaiaso poʻo ni masina.

• O maʻa kalisiu e sili ona taatele. E aliali mai e tutupu mai i tamaloloa i le va o le 20 i le 30. E mafai ona tuʻufaʻatasia le kalisiu ma isi vailaʻau e fausia ai le maʻa.
• O le oxalate e sili ona taatele i mea ia. O loʻo iai le oxalate i mea taumafa e pei ole spinach. O loʻo maua foʻi ile faʻaopopoga ole vailaʻau C. O faʻamaʻi o le tamaʻi manava e faʻatele ai lou ono maua mo nei maʻa.

E mafai foi ona fausia ni maʻa kalasi mai le tuʻufaʻatasia ma le phosphate poʻo le carbonate.

Isi ituaiga maʻa aofia ai:

• E mafai ona fausia maʻa cystine i tagata e maua i le cystinuria. O lenei faʻamaʻi e tupu i totonu o aiga. E aʻafia uma aliʻi ma fafine.
• Struvite maʻa e tele lava ona maua i aliʻi poʻo fafine o loʻo toe faia faʻamaʻi pipisi o le urinary tract. O nei maʻa e mafai ona tupu lapoʻa ma mafai ona poloka le fatugaʻo, ureter, poʻo le tagāmimi.
• Uric acid maa e sili ona taatele i alii nai lo fafine. E mafai ona tupu i le gugu poʻo le chemotherapy.
• O isi vailaʻau, pei o ni vailaʻau, e mafai foi ona fausia maʻa.

O le sili tele lamatiaga tulaga mo fatugaʻo fatuga o le le lava inu vai. O maʻa fatugaʻo e ono tutupu mai pe a fai e te le atoa le 1 lita (32 aunese) o le miaga i le aso.

Atonu e le i ai ni au faʻailoga seʻi vagana ua alu ese maʻa paʻu i lalo paʻu (ureter) e toʻulu ai le mimi i totonu o lou pute. A tupu lenei mea, e mafai e maʻa ona poloka le tafe o le miaga mai i fatugaʻo.

O le faʻailoga autu o le ogaoga tiga e amata ma taofi faʻafuaseʻi:

• E lagona le tiga ile vaega ole manava poʻo le itu ole tua.
• E mafai ona see le tiga i le itu o le itu (tiga oga), papala (tiga tiga) i tamaloloa, ma le labia (tiga tiga) i fafine.

O isi faʻailoga e mafai ona aofia ai:

• Le masani lanu lanu mimi
• Toto i le miaga
• Chills
• Fiva
• Faanoi ma puaʻi

E faʻataʻitaʻi e le tausi soifua le suʻega o le tino. Le manava vaega (manava) poʻo tua ono lagona tiga.

O suʻega e mafai ona faia e aofia ai:

• Toto faʻataʻitaʻiga e siaki kalisiu, phosphorus, uric acid, ma electrolyte tulaga
• Suʻesuʻega o galuega a fatugaʻo
• Urinalysis e vaʻai tioata ma vaʻai mo mumu toto sela i miaga
• Suʻega o le maʻa e iloa ai le ituaiga

Maʻa poʻo le poloka e mafai ona vaʻaia luga:

• Suʻega CT scan
• Manaʻo x-ray
• Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
• Ultrasound fatugaʻo
• Faʻalauiloa le pyelogram

Togafitiga faʻalagolago i le ituaiga o maʻa ma le ogaoga o ou faʻailoga.

Maʻa fatugaʻo e laʻititi e masani ona pasi ane i lau polokalama na o latou.

• O lou miaga e tatau ona faʻamamaina ina ia mafai ona sefe le maʻa ma faʻataʻitaʻia.
• Inu tusa o le 6 i le 8 ipu vai i aso uma e maua mai ai le tele o miaga. O lenei o le a fesoasoani i le maʻa pasi.
• Tiga e mafai ona matua leaga. O vailaʻau tiga o loʻo i luga ole laulau (faʻataʻitaʻiga, ibuprofen ma naproxen), a le toʻatasi poʻo faʻatasi foʻi ma nakoti, e mafai ona aoga tele.

Nisi tagata ma tiga matuitui mai fatugaʻo fatu manaʻomia nofo i le falemaʻi. Oe ono manaʻomia e faʻasusu e ala ile IV i lou alatoto.

Mo ni ituaiga maʻa, e ono fautuaina e lau tautua ni vailaʻau e puipuia ai maʻa mai le fausiaina pe fesoasoani e gagau ma aveese mea na mafua ai le maʻa. O nei vailaʻau mafai ona aofia ai:

• Allopurinol (mo maʻa uric acid)
• Antibiotics (mo struvite maʻa)
• Diuretics (vai fualaʻau)
• Fofo fofo
• Sodium bicarbonate poʻo le sodium citrate
• Vai fualaʻau (thiazide diuretics)
• Tamsulosin e faʻamalolo ai le ureter ma fesoasoani e pasi le maʻa

E manaʻomia tele se taotoga pe a fai:

• O le maʻa e telē tele na te le pasi ai na o ia.
• Ua tupu le maʻa.
• O le maʻa o loʻo poloka ai le tafe o le miaga ma mafua ai se faʻamaʻi poʻo se faʻaletonu o le fatugaʻo.
• E le mafai ona taofiofia le tiga.

I aso nei, o le tele o togafitiga e sili atu le faʻamataʻu nai lo aso ua tuanaʻi.

• O le Lithotripsy e faʻaaogaina e aveʻese ai maa e laʻititi ifo nai lo le 'afa inisi (1.25 senitimita) o loʻo i totonu ole fatugaʻo poʻo le ureter. E faʻaaogaina galu leo ​​pe teteʻi e gagau ai maʻa ma avea ma tamaʻi vaega. Ma, o fasi maʻa tuʻua le tino i le miaga. E taʻua foi ole extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy poʻo le ESWL.
• O taualumaga faʻatinoina e ala i le pasiina o se mea faigaluega faʻapitoa e ala i se tamaʻi tipi tipiina i lou paʻu i lou tua ma i lou fatugaʻo poʻo ureter e faʻaaoga mo maʻa tetele, pe a fai o fatugaʻo poʻo nofoaga latalata ona fausia sese. O le maʻa e aveʻese ma le paipa (endoscope).
• E mafai ona faʻaaogaina le ureteroscopy mo maʻa i le pito i lalo o le urinary tract. O le leisa e faʻaogaina e gagau ai le maʻa.
• E seasea lava, tatala taotoga (nephrolithotomy) ono manaʻomia pe a fai e le aoga isi metotia pe le mafai.

Talanoa i lau tautua e uiga i togafitiga faʻafomaʻi e ono aoga mo oe.

Oe e manaʻomia le uia e oe lava laʻasaga tausiga. O fea sitepu oe faia faʻamoemoe i le ituaiga maʻa o loʻo ia te oe, ae mafai ona aofia ai:

• Inu faʻasili vai ma isi vai
• Taumafa tele o nisi meaʻai ma tipi isi meaai
• Aveina o vailaʻau e fesoasoani e puipuia ai maʻa
• Aveina vailaʻau e fesoasoani ia te oe pasi se maa (vailaʻau teteʻe-faʻamataʻu, alpha-blockers)

O maʻa fatugaʻo e tiga, ae o le tele o taimi e mafai ona aveʻesea mai le tino e aunoa ma le faʻaleagaina tumau.

O maʻa fatugaʻo e masani ona toe foʻi mai. E tupu soo lenei mea pe a fai e le maua ma togafitia le mafuaʻaga.

O oe o i se tulaga lamatia mo:

• Faamaʻi pipisi auala
• Faʻaleagaina fatugaʻo maʻila pe a fai o le togafitiga e tuai ona umi

Faʻafitauli o fatugaʻo maʻa ono aofia ai le faʻalavelave o le ureter (ogaoga unopala faʻalavelave uropathy).

Valaʻau lau tautua peʻa iai ni faʻailoga o le maʻa fatu:

• Ogaoga tiga i lou tua poʻo lou itu e le mafai ona aluese
• Toto i lou miaga
• Fiva ma malulu
• Talosaga
• Mimi e manogi leaga pe foliga puaoa
• O se lagona mumu pe a e miaga

Afai na faʻamaonia oe ile poloka mai se maʻa, ala e tatau ona faʻamaonia a le o le puʻeina i se faʻamamaina i le taimi o urination poʻo le siakiina faʻasolosolo x-ray. O le saoloto tiga e le faʻamaonia mai ua pasi le maʻa.

Afai ei ai sau talaʻaga o maʻa:

• Inu ia tele vai (6 i le 8 ipu vai i le aso) e lava ai le feʻau.
• Atonu e manaʻomia lou inu vailaʻau pe fai suiga i au meaʻai mo nisi ituaiga maʻa.
• Atonu e manaʻo lau tautua e faia suʻesuʻega ile toto ma miaga e fesoasoani ai e faʻamautinoa laʻasaga tatau e puipuia ai.

Cansuliuliuli; Nefrolithiasis; Maa - fatugaʻo; Calcium oxalate - maʻa; Cystine - maʻa; Struvite - maʻa; Uric acid - maʻa; Lithiasis urinary

• Hypercalcemia - faʻateʻa
• Maʻa fatu ma lithotripsy - faʻateʻaina
• Maʻa fatu - tausiga o oe lava
• Maa fatugaʻo - o le a le mea e te fesili ai i lau fomaʻi
• Polokalama faʻamaʻi urinary - faʻateʻaina

• Anatomia fatugaʻo
• Fatugaʻo - tafe le toto ma miaga
• Neofrolithiasis
• Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
• Lithotripsy auala

'Upega Tafaʻilagi a le American Urological Association. Fomaʻi pulega o fatugaʻo maʻa (2019). www.auanet.org/guidelines/kidney-stones-medical-mangement-guideline. Avanoa Fepuari 13, 2020.

'Upega Tafaʻilagi a le American Urological Association. Faʻagaioiga faʻagaioiga o maʻa: AUA / Endourology Society guideline (2016) www.auanet.org/guidelines/kidney-stones-surgical-management-guideline. Avanoa Fepuari 13, 2020.

Bushinsky DA. Neofrolithiasis. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 26th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mata 117.

Fink HA, Wilt TJ, Eidman KE, et al. Nephrolithiasis faifai pea i tagata matutua: faʻatusatusaga aoga o togafitiga faʻafomaʻi puipuia. Rockville, MD. Ofisa mo le Soifua Maloloina Suesuega ma Tulaga (US) 2012; Lipoti Nu. 12-EHC049-EF. PMID: 22896859 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22896859/.

Miller NL, Borofsky MS. Iloiloga ma pulega faʻafomaʻi o urinary lithiasis. I: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mata 92.

Qaseem A, Dallas P, Forciea MA, Starkey M, Denberg TD; Komiti o Taʻiala Faʻafomaʻi o le American College of Physicians. Taumafa ma vailaʻau falemaʻi pulega e puipuia nephrolithiasis faʻasolosolo i tagata matutua: o se togafitiga faʻataʻiina taʻiala mai le American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 161 (9): 659-667. PMID: 25364887 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25364887/.

Ziemba JB, Matlaga BR. Taiala o taiala: fatugaʻo maʻa. BJU Int. 2015; 116 (2): 184-189. PMID: 25684222. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25684222/.