Neurosciences

Neurosciences (poʻo neurosciences falemaʻi) e faʻasino i le lala o vailaʻau e taulaʻi i le neula. O le neula e faia i vaega e lua:

• O le ogatotonu sisitema sisitema (CNS) aofia ai lou faiai ma tuaula.
• O le vaega lautele o neula e aofia ai ou neula uma, e aofia ai le autonomic neula, i fafo atu o le faiai ma tuaoi, e aofia ai ma ou i ou lima, vae, ma ogalaau o le tino.

Faʻatasi, o lou faiʻai ma le ua o le tuasivi e avea ma autu "faʻagaioiga nofoaga autu" mo le atoa neula, ma puleaina uma gaioiga o lou tino.

O numera o faʻafitauli eseese faʻafomaʻi e mafai ona aʻafia ai le neula, e aofia ai:

• O faʻafitauli o le toto i le faiʻai, e aofia ai ma le faʻaletonu o le tino ma le mafaufau
• Tumua, lelei ma leaga (kanesa)
• O faʻamaʻi Degenerative, e aofia ai maʻi Alzheimer ma faʻamaʻi Parkinson
• Faʻaletonu o le pituitary gland
• Epilepsy
• Ulu o le ulu, e aofia ai ma migraines
• O manuʻa i le ulu e pei o le lavea ma le faiʻai o le faiʻai
• Faʻaletino faʻaletonu, pei o le gatete ma Parkinson faʻamaʻi
• Faamai faʻamaʻi e pei o le tele o sclerosis
• Neuro-ophthalmologic faamai, o ni vaʻaiga faʻafitauli e mafua mai i le faʻaleagaina o le neivi opika poʻo ona fesoʻotaʻiga i le faiʻai
• Peripheral neura faamaʻi (neuropathy), lea e aafia ai neura o loo aveina faamatalaga i ma mai le faiai ma tuaoi
• Faʻaletonu mafaufau, pei o le schizophrenia
• Faʻafitauli o le uaina
• Faamaʻi pipisi, pei o le fiva faiʻai
• Pa

FAʻAALIGA MA Tofotofoga

Neurologists ma isi neuroscience faʻapitoa faʻapitoa faʻaaogaina faʻapitoa suʻesuʻega ma faʻataʻitaʻi metotia e iloa ai pe faʻafefea neura ma faiʻai galue.

I se faʻaopopoga i le toto ma suʻega suʻega, o suʻesuʻega na faia e faʻamaonia ai neura e mafai ona aofia ai faʻamaʻi:

• Tusitusiga tomua (CT scan)
• Lumbar puncture (ivitaua tap) e siaki ai faʻamaʻi o le ivitula ma le faiai, pe e fua ai le mamafa o le cerebro-tuāvai suavai (CSF)
• Maneta resonance imaging (MRI) poʻo le maneta resonance angiography (MRA)
• Electroencephalography (EEG) e vaʻai ai i gaioiga gaioiga
• Electromyography (EMG) e suʻesuʻe ai neura ma maso gaioiga
• Electronystagmography (ENG) e siaki ai le le masani ai o gaioiga o mata, lea e mafai ona avea ma faʻailoga o se faiʻai le atoatoa
• Faʻamaonia gafatia (poʻo faʻatosina tali), lea e vaʻai pe faʻafefea ona tali atu le faiʻai i leo, vaʻai, ma le tago
• Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
• Myelogram o le tuasivi e faʻamaonia neura manua
• Saosaoa conduction saoasaoa (NCV) tofotofoga
• Neurocognitive tofotofoga (neuropsychological tofotofoga)
• Polysomnogram e vaʻai pe faʻafefea e le faiʻai le taimi o moe
• Tasi ata lafoia faʻatulagaina tomography (SPECT) ma positron emission tomography (PET) scan e vaʻai i faiʻai metabolic gaoioiga
• Biopsy o le faiʻai, neura, paʻu, poʻo maso e iloa ai pe i ai se faʻafitauli i le neula

TOGAFITIGA

Neuroradiology o se lala o neurosains vailaʻau e taulaʻi i le faʻailoaina ma togafitia neulaʻi faʻafitauli.

O le neuroradiology faʻapitoa e aofia ai le tuʻuina i lalo o tamaʻi paipa fesuisuiaʻi e taʻua o catheters i ala toto e tau atu i le faiʻai. O lenei faʻatagaina le fomaʻi ona togafitia faʻaletonu toto ala e mafai ona afaina ai le neula, pei o le stroke.

Togafitiga faʻapitoa e aofia ai:

• Balloon angioplasty ma stenting o carotid poʻo le vertebral alatoto
• Endolar embolization ma coiling e togafitia cerebral aneurysms
• Intra-arterial togafitiga mo stroke
• Laʻasaga oncology o le faiai ma tuasivi
• Nila biopsies, ivitū ma malulu sela
• Kyphoplasty ma vertebroplasty e togafitia ai vertebral gau

Tatala pe faʻaleaganuʻu neurosurgery ono manaʻomia i nisi tulaga e togafitia ai faʻafitauli i le faiʻai ma faʻataʻatiaga fausaga. O se taotoga sili ona leaga lea e manaʻomia ai le fomai tipitipi ona faia se avanoa, e taʻu o le craniotomy, i le ulu.

E faʻatagaina e le tipitipi le fomai tipitipi e galue i luga o tamaʻi fausaga i le faiʻai e faʻaaoga ai le microscope ma e laʻititi lava ma lelei mea faigaluega.

Stereotactic radiosurgery ono manaʻomia mo nisi ituaiga o neula faʻafitauli toto. Lenei o se ituaiga o togafitiga faʻasolosolo e taulaʻi maualuga-afi x-ave i luga o se tamaʻi vaega o le tino, lea aloese mai le faʻaleagaina o latalata i faiʻai.

Togafitiga o neula faiga e fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻamaʻi pe mafai foi ona aofia ai:

• Vailaau, atonu na avane e ni vailaʻau pamu (pei o na e faʻaaoga mo tagata e ogaoga maso maso)
• Loloto faiaʻoga faaosofia
• Spinal maea faaosofia
• Faʻaleleia / faʻamalositino togafitiga pe a maeʻa le faiʻai poʻo le stroke
• Totoga o le tuasivi

O AI E AUA I AI

Ole vaega ole faʻafomaʻi ole neurosciences e tele lava ina faia e tagata tausi soifua maloloina mai mea eseese eseese. E mafai ona aofia ai:

• Neurologist - o se fomaʻi ua mauaina faʻapitoa aʻoaʻoga i le togafitiga o faiʻai ma faʻafitauli o neula
• Fomaʻi tipitipi - o se fomaʻi ua mauaina faʻapitoa toleniga i le taʻotoga o togafitiga o toto toto faʻafitauli
• Neurosurgeon - o se fomaʻi ua mauaina faʻapitoa toleniga i le faiai ma faiʻai tui
• Neuropsychologist - o se fomaʻi ua aʻoaʻoina faʻapitoa i le faʻatautaia ma le faʻamatalaina o suʻesuʻega o le gaioiga o le mafaufau e faia i le faiʻai
• Paʻu fomaʻi - o se fomaʻi na mauaina ni aʻoaʻoga i le togafitia o tiga faigata ma faʻagaioiga ma vailaʻau
• Psychiatrist - o se fomaʻi e togafitia faʻamaʻi amioga-faiai i vailaʻau
• Psychologist - o se fomaʻi na te togafitia tulaga faiʻai-amio ma talanoa togafitiga
• Radiologist - o se fomaʻi na mauaina faʻapitoa toleniga i le faʻauigaina o faʻafomaʻi ata ma i le faʻatinoina o ni auala eseʻese e faʻaaogaina ai ata faʻataʻitaʻi e faʻapitoa mo le togafitia o faiʻai ma faʻafitauli o neura.
• Neuros Scientist - o se tasi e faia suʻesuʻega i le neula
• Fomai tausi soifua (NPs)
• Fomaʻi fesoasoani (PA)
• Nutristists poʻo le au fai meaʻai
• Fomaʻi Peraimeri
• Fomaʻi faʻamalositino, oe fesoasoani i le feoaʻi, malosi, paleni, ma fetuʻutuʻunaʻi
• Fomaʻi faʻapitoa i galuega, o loʻo fesoasoani e faʻagaoioi lelei tagata i le fale ma galuega
• Fomaʻi tautala i gagana, e fesoasoani i le tautala, gagana ma le malamalama

O lenei lisi e leʻo aofia uma ai.

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Faʻailoaina o faʻamaʻi neula. I totonu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology i Fomaʻi Faʻataʻitaʻi. 7th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 1

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Suʻesuʻega a le fale suʻesuʻe i le faʻamaoniaina ma le puleaina o faʻamaʻi o neura. I totonu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology i Fomaʻi Faʻataʻitaʻi. 7th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 33.

Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL. Faʻatautaia o faʻamaʻi neula. I totonu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SK, eds. Bradley's Neurology i Fomaʻi Faʻataʻitaʻi. 7th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 53.

Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al. Suesueina i le popolevale faiga. I totonu: Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al, eds. Neurosafia. 6th ed. Niu Ioka, NY: Oxford University Press; 2017; mata 1.