Basal ganglia faʻaleagaina

Basal ganglia faʻaleagaina o se faʻafitauli ma le loloto faiʻai fausiaina e fesoasoani amata ma faʻatonutonu gaioiga.

Tulaga e mafua ai manuʻa i le faiʻai mafai ona faʻaleagaina le basal ganglia. O ia tuutuuga aofia ai:

• Oona oona o le carbon monoxide
• Ova vailaʻau
• Manua o le ulu
• Siama
• Maʻi ole ate
• Faʻafitauli tau Metabolic
• Tele sclerosis (MS)
• Faʻaleagaina i le kopa, manganese, poʻo isi mamafa uʻamea
• Pa
• Tumua

O le mafuaʻaga masani o nei sailiga o le faʻaaogaina faifai pea o vailaʻau faʻaaoga e togafitia ai le schizophrenia.

Tele faʻafitauli o faiʻai e fesoʻotaʻi ma le basal ganglia faʻaleagaina. E aofia ai:

• Dystonia (maso tone faʻafitauli)
• Huntington faamaʻi (faʻaletonu o sela sela i nisi vaega o le faiʻai faʻamaʻimau, pe faʻaletonu)
• Tele atr atrism (salalau le faʻafitauli o neula)
• Faʻamaʻi Parkinson
• Alualu i luma supranuclear palsy (gasegase gasegase mai le faaleagaina o nisi neula sela i le faiʻai)
• Faʻamaʻi Wilson (faʻaletonu mafua ai le tele o apamemea i le tino o aano o le tino)

Faʻaleagaina o basal ganglia sela e ono mafua ai faʻafitauli i le faʻatonutonuina o le tautala, gaioiga, ma le tulaga o le tagata. O le tuʻufaʻatasia o faʻailoga e taʻua ole parkinsonism.

O se tagata e maua i le basal ganglia faʻaleagaina e ono faigata ona amata, taofi, pe lagolagoina le gaioiga. Faʻamoemoeina pe o le a le vaega o le faiʻai e aʻafia, e ono iai foʻi ni faʻafitauli i le manatuaina ma isi mafaufauga gaioiga.

I se tulaga lautele, auga eseesega ma ono aofia ai:

• Gaoioiga e suia, e pei o le le loto fua pe tuai foi gaioiga
• Faʻateleina maso maso
• Maso maso ma maso maso maʻaʻa
• Faʻafitauli maua upu
• Faʻafefe
• Le mafai ona taofiofia, toe fai gaioiga, tautala, pe tagi (tics)
• Faigamalaga i le savali

O le tausi soifua maloloina o le a faia se faʻataʻitaʻiga tino ma fesili e uiga i faʻailoga ma talaʻaga faʻasolopito.

Toto ma faʻataʻitaʻiga tofotofoga ono manaʻomia. E ono aofia ai:

• CT ma MRI ole ulu
• Suʻega ole gafa
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) e tilotilo ai i ala toto i le ua ma faiʻai
• Positron emission tomography (PET) e vaʻai i le metabolism o le faiʻai
• Toto faʻataʻitaʻiga e siaki ai le suka suka, gaioiga o lou toto, gaioiga o le ate, ma le uʻamea ma le kopa tulaga

Togafitiga faʻalagolago i le mafuaʻaga o le faʻamaʻi.

O le lelei o le tagata e faʻamoemoe i le mafuaʻaga o le faʻaletonu. O nisi mafuaʻaga e mafai ona toe fesuiaʻi, ae o isi e manaʻomia togafitiga i le olaga atoa.

Valaʻau lau tautua peʻa iai sau faʻaletonu poʻo ni gaioiga faʻaletino, paʻu e aunoa ma se mafuaʻaga tatau, pe afai oe ma isi e maitauina oe o loʻo gatete pe tuai.

Extrapyramidal syndrome; Antipsychotics - extrapyramidal

Jankovic J. Parkinson faamaʻi ma isi gasegase le atoatoa. I totonu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology i Fomaʻi Faʻataʻitaʻi. 7th ed. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mata 96.

Okun MS, Lang AE. Isi gasegase le atoatoa. I totonu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Faʻafomaʻi Goldman-Cecil. 26th lomiga. Filatelefia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 382.

Vestal E, Rusher A, Ikeda K, Melnick M. Faʻalavelave o le basal nuclei. I: Lazaro RT, Reina-Guerra SG, Quiben MU, eds. Umphred's Neurological Rehabilitation. 7th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2020: chap 18.